Course Descriptions

DHE 101 - Dental Hygiene I

1. Demonstrate honest and ethical behavior in a professional setting.
2. Perform infection control procedures consistent with the DHE program and Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) guidelines.
3. Perform didactic and clinical skill evaluations, including proper instrumentation, successfully for assigned activities and entry level clinical skills assessment.

1. Explain “informed consent” and “standard of care” in a clinical setting.
2. Identify methods to reduce risks within the practice of dental hygiene.
3. Explain the process for maintaining confidentiality of patient records.
4. Describe infection control procedures consistent with the DHE program and Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) guidelines.
5. Discuss proper hand washing and gloving for clinic.
6. Discuss patient positioning for optimal patient and operator comfort.
7. Evaluate a medical/dental history and determine contraindications to dental treatment.
8. Outline the rationale for pre-medication for the American Heart Association (AHA) regimen.
9. Define the accepted ranges for temperature, blood pressure, pulse and respiration.
10. Describe the procedures for hard and soft tissue examinations.
11. Identify and document oral landmarks and abnormalities accurately.
12. Discuss pen grasp, modified pen grasp, and palm-thumb grasp.
13. Explain the use a fulcrum and finger-rest.
14. Define the terms: long axis of the tooth, adaptation, insertion, vertical, horizontal, and oblique working strokes.
15. Explain the “cutting edge” and its relationship to the angle formed between the tooth surface and the calculus removal instrument.
16. Explain retraction, illumination, indirect vision, and using a dental mouth mirror.
17. Explain a “walking stroke” when using a periodontal probe.
18. Explain the use of a dental explorer utilizing short overlapping exploratory strokes.
19. Describe the design, function and use technique of a universal curette, anterior and posterior sickle scaler and Gracey area specific curettes.
20. Describe the function of Gracey curettes in root planning.
21. Define the reasons for polishing coronal surfaces
22. Define the term “selective polish.”
23. Describe the application of a disclosing agent and evaluate for soft deposits.
24. Explain the value of a fluoride treatment.
25. Discuss the appropriate steps for a topical fluoride application.
26. Complete a comprehensive dental hygiene treatment plan.
27. Explain patient’s rights and responsibilities.
28. Describe the process for recording services rendered in patient’s dental chart accurately.
29. Integrate clinical experiences with didactic course work.
30. Utilize a mock patient case study to develop didactic and clinical skill applications.
31. Discuss the relevance of evidence-based decision making and patient care.

1. Professionalism/Ethics and Dental Hygiene Process of Care
   1. Apply professional code of ethics
   2. Assume responsibility for dental hygiene care based on accepted standard of care
   3. Perform self-assessment for professional growth
   4. Adhere to state and federal laws and regulations in the provision of dental hygiene care
2. Infection Control
   1. Barrier protection
   2. Methods of sterilization
   3. Methods of disinfection
   4. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Standards and Centers for Disease Control (CDC) prevention guidelines
3. Body Mechanics/Ergonomics
   1. Patient positioning
   2. Operator positioning
4. Introduction to Patient Medical and Dental History Evaluation
   1. Obtain and interpret diagnostic information
   2. Predisposing etiologic risk factors
   3. Health conditions and medications that impact patient care
   4. Vital signs
5. Assessment Data
   1. Extra and intraoral examination
   2. Periodontal charting
   3. Restorative charting
   4. Hard deposits
6. Instrumentation
   1. Modified pen grasp, pen grasp, palm-thumb grasp
   2. Fulcrum and finger-rest
   3. Adaptation, insertion, angulation, working stroke
   4. Cutting edge relationship to tooth surface
   5. Mouth mirror
      1. Retraction, illumination, indirect vision
      2. Transillumination
   6. Periodontal probe-walking stroke
   7. Explorer-exploratory stroke
   8. Universal curette-working stroke
   9. Sickles
      1. Anterior
      2. Posterior
   10. Gracey curettes – root planing
7. Removal of Soft Deposits – Coronal Polishing
   1. Selective polish
   2. Disclosing agents/plaque indices
8. Fluorides
   1. Topical applications including fluoride varnish
   2. Assess value of fluoride treatment for dental hygiene care
9. Clinical Procedures
   1. Comprehensive dental hygiene care plan
   2. Dental record documentation
   3. Consultations as indicated
   4. Patient needs and significant findings for delivery of care
   5. Informed consent
   6. Patient’s rights and responsibilities
10. Respect Values and Preferences of Diverse Patient Population Groups While Promoting Oral Health

DHE 101LC - Dental Hygiene I Clinical

1. Demonstrate honest and ethical behavior in a professional setting.
2. Perform infection control procedures consistent with the DHE program and Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) guidelines.
3. Perform didactic and clinical skill evaluations, including proper instrumentation, successfully for assigned activities and entry level clinical skills assessment.

1. Explain “informed consent” and “standard of care” in a clinical setting.
2. Identify methods to reduce risks within the practice of dental hygiene.
3. Perform and maintain confidentiality of patient records.
4. Perform infection control procedures consistent with the DHE program and Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) guidelines.
5. Demonstrate proper hand washing and gloving for clinic.
6. Prepare dental instruments for sterilization according to recognized Centers for Disease Control (CDC) and clinic protocols.
7. Maintain aseptic environment when providing oral health care services to all patients to prevent transmission of blood borne pathogens.
8. Demonstrate patient positioning for optimal patient and operator comfort.
9. Evaluate a medical/dental history and determine contraindications to dental treatment.
10. Outline the rationale for pre-medication for the American Heart Association (AHA) regimen.
11. Evaluate and chart a medical/dental history on a student partner.
12. Complete and record vital signs accurately on a student partner.
13. Define the accepted ranges for temperature, blood pressure, pulse and respiration.
14. Describe the procedures for hard and soft tissue examinations.
15. Perform periodontal and restorative charting procedures on a student partner.
16. Identify restorations on a tooth utilizing a shepherd’s hook explorer, radiographs and direct/indirect vision.
17. Demonstrate pen grasp, modified pen grasp, and palm-thumb grasp.
18. Explain and correctly use a fulcrum and finger-rest.
19. Explain and identify the “cutting edge” and its relationship to the angle formed between the tooth surface and the calculus removal instrument.
20. Explain and demonstrate retraction, illumination, indirect vision, and using a dental mouth mirror.
21. Examine and position dental mouth mirror to demonstrate transillumination on a student partner.
22. Explain and demonstrate a “walking stroke” when using a periodontal probe on a student partner.
23. Demonstrate the use of a dental explorer utilizing short overlapping exploratory strokes.
24. Describe the design of a universal curette.
25. Demonstrate the correct technique for using universal curettes in all areas of the mouth on a student partner.
26. Describe the design of an anterior sickle scaler and a posterior sickle scaler.
27. Describe the correct technique for using sickle scalers on a student partner.
28. Describe the function of Gracey curettes and root planing.
29. Demonstrate the use of Gracey curettes utilizing a working stroke on a student partner.
30. Define the reasons for polishing coronal surfaces and demonstrate the procedure on a student partner.
31. Define the term “selective polish.”
32. Demonstrate the application of a disclosing agent and evaluate for soft deposits.
33. Explain the value of a fluoride treatment.
34. Demonstrate the appropriate steps for a topical fluoride application on a student partner.
35. Complete a comprehensive dental hygiene treatment plan.
36. Explain patient’s rights and responsibilities.
37. Record services rendered in patient’s dental chart accurately.
38. Integrate laboratory experiences with didactic course work.
39. Utilize a mock patient case study to develop didactic and clinical skill applications.
40. Complete successfully skill evaluations for assigned laboratory activities.
41. Perform entry level clinical procedures on a student partner at an acceptable passing level.
42. Utilize a patient to develop didactic and entry level clinical assessment skills.
43. Discuss the relevance of evidence-based decision making and patient care.

1. Professionalism/Ethics and Dental Hygiene Process of Care
   1. Apply professional code of ethics
   2. Assume responsibility for dental hygiene care based on accepted standard of care
   3. Perform self-assessment for professional growth
   4. Adhere to state and federal laws and regulations in the provision of dental hygiene care
2. Infection Control
   1. Barrier protection
   2. Methods of sterilization
   3. Methods of disinfection
   4. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Standards and Centers for Disease Control (CDC) prevention guidelines
3. Body Mechanics/Ergonomics
   1. Patient positioning
   2. Operator positioning
4. Introduction to Patient Medical and Dental History Evaluation
   1. Obtain and interpret diagnostic information
   2. Predisposing etiologic risk factors
   3. Health conditions and medications that impact patient care
   4. Vital signs
5. Assessment Data
   1. Extra and intraoral examination
   2. Periodontal charting
   3. Restorative charting
   4. Hard deposits
6. Instrumentation
   1. Modified pen grasp, pen grasp, palm-thumb grasp
   2. Fulcrum and finger-rest
   3. Adaptation, insertion, angulation, working stroke
   4. Cutting edge relationship to tooth surface
   5. Mouth mirror
      1. Retraction, illumination, indirect vision
      2. Transillumination
   6. Periodontal probe-walking stroke
   7. Explorer-exploratory stroke
   8. Universal curette-working stroke
   9.       Sickles
      1. Anterior
      2. Posterior
   10. Gracey curettes – root planing
7. Removal of Soft Deposits – Coronal Polishing
   1. Selective polish
   2. Disclosing agents/plaque indices
8. Fluorides
   1. Topical applications including fluoride varnish
   2. Assess value of fluoride treatment for dental hygiene care
9. Clinical Procedures
   1. Comprehensive dental hygiene care plan
   2. Dental record documentation
   3. Consultations as indicated
   4. Patient needs and significant findings for delivery of care
   5. Informed consent
   6. Patient’s rights and responsibilities
10. Respect Values and Preferences of Diverse Patient Population Groups While Promoting Oral Health

DHE 104 - Dental and Oral Morphology

1. Describe and define the oral cavity proper, primary and adult dentitions, tooth surfaces, landmarks and anatomical features each tooth.
2. Describe the process of tooth development, exfoliation, resorption and occlusion of primary and adult dentitions.
3. Explain the relationships within the gingival unit, supporting structures of the teeth (periodontium) and tooth anomalies related to morphology.

1. Identify, name and code the teeth of the permanent dentition.
2. Identify extracted or insitu tooth as to dentition, arch, and number.
3. Describe and define the oral cavity proper.
4. Identify the surfaces and landmarks of each tooth and explain the functions and location in the dental arches.
5. Explain the difference between primary dentition, secondary dentition, and mixed dentition.
6. Assess and code teeth using the Universal system of tooth identification.
7. List the anatomical features of a tooth.
8. Explain how the form of teeth relates to function.
9. Name and code the teeth of the deciduous (primary) dentition.
10. Describe the process of tooth development, exfoliation, and resorption.
11. List the approximate ages of eruption for each primary and permanent tooth.
12. List when crown and root are calcified for each tooth.
13. Compare primary and permanent teeth.
14. Define embrasures and identify their locations.
15. Describe and define the term proximal contact and height of contour.
16. Identify the centric relationship of the dental arches.
17. Discuss the occlusion of deciduous and permanent teeth.
18. Differentiate the various classifications of malocclusion.
19. Explain the meaning of overjet, overbite, crossbite, and openbite.
20. Identify anatomical landmarks related to the temporomandibular joint (TMJ).
21. Describe the form and function of the temporomandibular joint.
22. Discuss pulpal anatomy of primary and permanent teeth.
23. Define intrinsic and extrinsic factors relative to dental anomalies.
24. Describe the various classifications of tooth anomalies related to morphology.
25. Define variations in root anomalies including concrescence, dilacerations, and hypercementosis.
26. Distinguish abnormal crown and root formations.
27. Explain the relationships within the gingival unit and supporting structures of the teeth (periodontium).
28. State how clinical situations are related to tooth form and supportive dental structures.
29. Compare and contrast the roots of maxillary and mandibular incisors in the permanent dentition.
30. Describe the shapes of the roots of maxillary and mandibular permanent cuspids.
31. Describe variances in occlusal anatomy among premolars.
32. Describe the shapes of the roots of maxillary and mandibular permanent premolars.
33. Describe each of the three permanent maxillary molars from all five aspects including the roots.
34. Describe the three permanent mandibular molars from the five anatomical aspects including the roots.
35. Explain the root location differences between maxillary and mandibular molars and why this is important.
36. Identify anatomical root variations, cej curvature, furcations, developmental concavities for effective instrumentation adaptation.
37. Relate root morphology to instrumentation applications.
38. Demonstrate hand eye coordination by making an accurate drawing of assigned teeth.
39. Practice carving to scale teeth out of wax using a lab knife and carving instruments.
40. Use a Boley Gauge to measure a tooth carved out of wax.
41. Apply didactic knowledge to computer related interactive case study.

1. Oral Cavity Proper
   1. Nomenclature/landmarks/anatomical features
   2. Permanent/secondary dentition
2. Form, Function, and Physiology
   1. Maxillary/mandibular incisors
   2. Maxillary/mandibular canines
   3. Maxillary/mandibular premolars
   4. Maxillary/mandibular molars
3. Dentition-Tooth Identification
   1. Permanent dentition – universal system
   2. Primary dentition – universal system
   3. Mixed dentition – universal system
4. Landmarks – Terminology
   1. Surfaces of teeth
   2. Developmental fissures, cusps, grooves, pits
   3. Embrasures
   4. Height of contours
   5. Interproximal space
5. Deciduous Dentition Morphology
   1. Eruption/exfoliation/resorption
   2. Eruption dates
   3. Development process
6. Occlusion
   1. Angle’s classification system
   2. Malocclusion
   3. Centric relationship
   4. Temporomandibular joint (TMJ)
7. Tooth Anomalies
   1. Extrinsic factors
   2. Intrinsic factors
8. Root Morphology
   1. Distinguishing features
   2. Relationship to clinical instrumentation
   3. Root anomalies
      1. Concrescence
      2. Dilacerations
      3. Hypercementosis
   4. Root furcations

DHE 104LB - Dental and Oral Morphology Lab

1. Describe and define the oral cavity proper, primary and adult dentitions, tooth surfaces, landmarks and anatomical features each tooth.
2. Describe the process of tooth development, exfoliation, resorption and occlusion of primary and adult dentitions.
3. Explain the relationships within the gingival unit, supporting structures of the teeth (periodontium) and tooth anomalies related to morphology.

1. Identify, name and code the teeth of the permanent dentition.
2. Identify extracted or insitu tooth as to dentition, arch, and number.
3. Describe and define the oral cavity proper.
4. Identify the surfaces and landmarks of each tooth and explain the functions and location in the dental arches.
5. Explain the difference between primary dentition, secondary dentition, and mixed dentition.
6. Assess and code teeth using the Universal system of tooth identification.
7. List the anatomical features of a tooth.
8. Explain how the form of teeth relates to function.
9. Name and code the teeth of the deciduous (primary) dentition.
10. Describe the process of tooth development, exfoliation, and resorption.
11. List the approximate ages of eruption for each primary and permanent tooth.
12. List when crown and root are calcified for each tooth.
13. Compare primary and permanent teeth.
14. Define embrasures and identify their locations.
15. Describe and define the term proximal contact and height of contour.
16. Identify the centric relationship of the dental arches.
17. Discuss the occlusion of deciduous and permanent teeth.
18. Differentiate the various classifications of malocclusion.
19. Explain the meaning of overjet, overbite, crossbite, and openbite.
20. Identify anatomical landmarks related to the temporomandibular joint (TMJ).
21. Describe the form and function of the temporomandibular joint.
22. Discuss pulpal anatomy of primary and permanent teeth.
23. Define intrinsic and extrinsic factors relative to dental anomalies.
24. Describe the various classifications of tooth anomalies related to morphology.
25. Define variations in root anomalies including concrescence, dilacerations, and hypercementosis.
26. Distinguish abnormal crown and root formations.
27. Explain the relationships within the gingival unit and supporting structures of the teeth (periodontium).
28. State how clinical situations are related to tooth form and supportive dental structures.
29. Compare and contrast the roots of maxillary and mandibular incisors in the permanent dentition.
30. Describe the shapes of the roots of maxillary and mandibular permanent cuspids.
31. Describe variances in occlusal anatomy among premolars.
32. Describe the shapes of the roots of maxillary and mandibular permanent premolars.
33. Describe each of the three permanent maxillary molars from all five aspects including the roots.
34. Describe the three permanent mandibular molars from the five anatomical aspects including the roots.
35. Explain the root location differences between maxillary and mandibular molars and why this is important.
36. Identify anatomical root variations, cej curvature, furcations, developmental concavities for effective instrumentation adaptation.
37. Relate root morphology to instrumentation applications.
38. Demonstrate hand eye coordination by making an accurate drawing of assigned teeth.
39. Practice carving to scale teeth out of wax using a lab knife and carving instruments.
40. Use a Boley Gauge to measure a tooth carved out of wax.
41. Apply didactic knowledge to computer related interactive case study.

1. Oral Cavity Proper
   1. Nomenclature/landmarks/anatomical features
   2. Permanent/secondary dentition
2. Form, Function, and Physiology
   1. Maxillary/mandibular incisors
   2. Maxillary/mandibular canines
   3. Maxillary/mandibular premolars
   4. Maxillary/mandibular molars
3. Dentition-Tooth Identification
   1. Permanent dentition – universal system
   2. Primary dentition – universal system
   3. Mixed dentition – universal system
4. Landmarks – Terminology
   1. Surfaces of teeth
   2. Developmental fissures, cusps, grooves, pits
   3. Embrasures
   4. Height of contours
   5. Interproximal space
5. Deciduous Dentition Morphology
   1. Eruption/exfoliation/resorption
   2. Eruption dates
   3. Development process
6. Occlusion
   1. Angle’s classification system
   2. Malocclusion
   3. Centric relationship
   4. Temporomandibular joint (TMJ)
7. Tooth Anomalies
   1. Extrinsic factors
   2. Intrinsic factors
8. Root Morphology
   1. Distinguishing features
   2. Relationship to clinical instrumentation
   3. Root anomalies
      1. Concrescence
      2. Dilacerations
      3. Hypercementosis
   4. Root furcations

DHE 107 - Oral Embryology and Histology

1. Identify normal growth and development of the face and oral structures at the cellular level by distinguishing enamel, dentine, and pulp at the microscopic and macroscopic level. 
2. Describe the processes of tooth development in utero which correlates to growth and development of oral structures. 
3. Identify bones, nerves, lymphatic or blood vessels by location and muscles and their relationship to occlusion and mastication.

1. Describe the processes which occur at the cellular level in the growth and development or oral structures.
2. Differentiate among enamel, dentin, and pulp at the microscopic and macroscopic level.
3. Describe the function and characteristics of anatomical structures the head and neck.
4. Explain the muscles and their relationship to occlusion and mastication.
5. Identify bones, nerves, lymphatic or blood vessels by location.
6. Determine injection sites by identifying nerve innervations of individual teeth.
7. Identify normal growth and development of the face and oral structures.

1. Terminology and Formation of Primary Embryonic Layers
   1. Development of the face and oral cavity
   2. Formation of maxilla and mandible
2. Introduction / Definitions of Histology
   1. Tissue content
   2. Tissue classification
3. Tooth Development, Eruption and Exfoliation
   1. Early tooth development
   2. Tooth germ
   3. Eruption
   4. Root, cementum, periodontal ligament formation
   5. Exfoliation
4. Enamel
   1. Amelogenesis
   2. Composition
   3. Structure and clinical appearance
5. Dentin/Dentinogenesis
   1. Odontoblasts
   2. Coronal dentin/root dentin
   3. Clinical dentin
6. Pulp
   1. Composition
   2. Function
   3. Clinical
7. Cementum
   1. Cementogenesis
   2. Structure and composition
8. Periodontal Ligament
   1. Location and composition
   2. Principle fibers
   3. Function
9. Bone and Alveolar Process
   1. Structure and composition of bone
   2. Bone growth
      1. Formation
      2. Resorption
      3. Remodeling
   3. Aveolar process
10. Mucous Membrane and Salivary Glands
    1. Mucous membranes of the oral cavity
    2. Tongue
    3. Salivary glands

DHE 112 - Preventive Dentistry

1. Outline preventive measures to ensure safe, effective, and legally sound dental hygiene care.
2. Summarize the dental hygiene models to include evidence-based decision making and the dental hygiene process of care model.
3. Explain the theory of minimally invasive dentistry, components of caries risk assessment, and how the two compliment conservative restorative care.
4. Identify local and systemic oral hygiene factors, patient motivation techniques, and oral physiotherapy techniques.

1. Summarize the dental hygiene models to include evidence-based decision making and the dental hygiene process of care model.
2. Identify critical components of patient health histories as they apply to treatment planning.
3. Describe the etiologies of dental diseases and the associated treatment regimens.
4. Explain the theory of minimally invasive dentistry, components of caries risk assessment, and how the two compliment conservative restorative care.
5. Identify local and systemic oral hygiene factors, patient motivation techniques, and oral physiotherapy techniques.
6. Summarize the etiology of dentinal sensitivity and current products and techniques used to treat the condition.
7. Explain the process of enamel demineralization and the theories and products associated with treatment.
8. Describe the strengths and limitations of chemicotherapy and the types of treatment applications commonly utilized.
9. Outline the psychotherapies associated with tobacco cessation and the local and national resources for patient and clinician support.

1. Role of Dental Hygienists as Prevention Specialists
   1. Medical risk management
   2. Legal risk management
2. Clinical Treatment Theories
   1. Evidence-based decision making
   2. Minimally invasive dentistry
   3. Dental hygiene process care model
3. Patient Care Readiness
   1. Critical health histories
   2. Oral cancer screening technology
4. Dental Disease – Etiology and Treatment
5. Caries Risk Assessment
   1. Methamphetamine addiction
      1. Prevalence
      2. Oral manifestations
   2. Oral piercing care
6. Oral Hygiene Instruction, Reinforcement, and Motivation
   1. Oral hygiene aids
   2. Patient communication and motivation
   3. Removable appliance care and maintenance
7. Dentin Sensitivity
   1. Xerostomia – patient management
   2. O’Leary’s plaque index
8. Demineralization/Remineralization
   1. Fluoride therapies
   2. Sealants
9. Chemotherapeutics
   1. Oral irrigation
   2. Dentifrices
   3. Mouthwashes
   4. Oral hygiene instruction
10. Tobacco Management/Tobacco Cessation

DHE 116 - Oral Radiography

1. State, identify and demonstrate the principles and methods of radiation production and safety. 
2. Interpret and identify normal and abnormal pathological conditions and radiographic anatomical landmarks visible on dental radiographs.
3. Complete a variety of radiographs on mannequins and patients. 

1. Identify the important people and events in the history of radiography.
2. State the principles of radiation production.
3. Identify and demonstrate methods of radiation production for the patient and operator.
4. Operate and maintain x-ray units safely.
5. Identify radiographic films as to size and use.
6. Process radiographic films manually.
7. Practice quality assurance procedures.
8. Identify radiographic anatomical landmarks.
9. Perform radiograph mounting.
10. Interpret normal and abnormal pathological condition visible on dental radiographs.
11. Describe and perform radiographic film exposure techniques.
12. Describe and perform digital radiography exposure techniques.
13. Evaluate radiographic quality.
14. Complete a variety of radiographs on mannequin and patients.
15. Identify and perform infection control precautions as specified by the Occupational Safety and Health  Administration (OSHA) and program policy.

1. Introduction to Radiography
   1. History of radiography
   2. Production and characteristics of x-radiation
   3. Dental x-ray equipment
      1. Components
      2. Parts
   4. Inverse Square Law
2. Radiation Health and Safety
   1. Radiation safety legislation
   2. Radiation measurement terminology
   3. Measuring and monitoring devices
   4. Protection measures for the patient
   5. Radiation protection for operators
   6. Maximum permissible doses
3. Dental Film
   1. Film emulsion and speeds
   2. Packaging, storage, and protection of film
   3. Types of intraoral and extraoral films
   4. Handling cassettes
4. Film Processing
   1. Darkroom
      1. Equipment
      2. Illumination
      3. Maintenance
   2. Processing solutions and procedures
   3. Inadequacies caused by faulty processing techniques
   4. Film duplication
   5. Xeroradiography
5. Digital Radiography
6. Identification of Anatomical Landmarks for Mounting and Interpretation
   1. Radioluscent and radiopaque images
   2. Alveolor bone and supporting structures
   3. Landmarks identified
   4. Mounting, labeling, filing, and storage of radiographs
   5. Film viewing and preliminary radiographic interpretation
   6. Abnormal and normal pathological conditions
7. Exposure Techniques
   1. Criteria for intraoral radiographs
   2. Horizontal and vertical angulation
   3. Principles of bisecting and paralleling techniques
   4. The periapical examination
   5. Fundamentals of interproximal radiography
   6. Radiography for children
   7. Patient management
   8. Infection control
   9. Evaluation of radiographic quality
   10. Digital radiography
8. Principles of Supplementary Film
   1. Occlusal surveys
   2. Types of use of extraoral film
   3. Lateral jaw survey
   4. Tempromandibular articulation survey
   5. Cephalometric radiography
   6. Panoramic radiography
   7. Other imaging systems

DHE 116LC - Oral Radiography Clinical

1. State, identify and demonstrate the principles and methods of radiation production and safety. 
2. Interpret and identify normal and abnormal pathological conditions and radiographic anatomical landmarks visible on dental radiographs.
3. Complete a variety of radiographs on mannequins and patients. 

1. Identify the important people and events in the history of radiography.
2. State the principles of radiation production.
3. Identify and demonstrate methods of radiation production for the patient and operator.
4. Operate and maintain x-ray units safely.
5. Identify radiographic films as to size and use.
6. Process radiographic films manually.
7. Practice quality assurance procedures.
8. Identify radiographic anatomical landmarks.
9. Perform radiograph mounting.
10. Interpret normal and abnormal pathological condition visible on dental radiographs.
11. Describe and perform radiographic film exposure techniques.
12. Evaluate radiographic quality.
13. Complete a variety of radiographs on mannequin and patients.
14. Identify and perform infection control precautions as specified by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) and program policy.

1. Introduction to Radiography
   1. History of radiography
   2. Production and characteristics of x-radiation
   3. Dental x-ray equipment
      1. Components
      2. Parts
   4. Inverse Square Law
2. Radiation Health and Safety
   1. Radiation safety legislation
   2. Radiation measurement terminology
   3. Measuring and monitoring devices
   4. Protection measures for the patient
   5. Radiation protection for operators
   6. Maximum permissible doses
3. Dental Film
   1. Film emulsion and speeds
   2. Packaging, storage, and protection of film
   3. Types of intraoral and extraoral films
   4. Handling cassettes
4. Film Processing
   1. Darkroom
      1. Equipment
      2. Illumination
      3. Maintenance
   2. Processing solutions and procedures
   3. Inadequacies caused by faulty processing techniques
   4. Film duplication
   5. Xeroradiography
5. Digital Radiography        
6. Identification of Anatomical Landmarks for Mounting and Interpretation
   1. Radioluscent and radiopaque images
   2. Alveolor bone and supporting structures
   3. Landmarks identified
   4. Mounting, labeling, filing, and storage of radiographs
   5. Film viewing and preliminary radiographic interpretation
   6. Abnormal and normal pathological conditions

1. Exposure Techniques
   1. Criteria for intraoral radiographs
   2. Horizontal and vertical angulation
2. Principles of bisecting and paralleling techniques
   1. The periapical examination
   2. Fundamentals of interproximal radiography
   3. Radiography for children
   4. Patient management
   5. Infection control
   6. Evaluation of radiographic quality
   7. Digital radiography
3. Principles of Supplementary Film
   1. Occlusal surveys
   2. Types of use of extraoral film
   3. Lateral jaw survey
   4. Tempromandibular articulation survey
   5. Cephalometric radiography
   6. Panoramic radiography
   7. Other imaging systems

DHE 119 - Periodontology

2 Credits, 2 Contact Hours
2 lecture periods 0 lab periods

Survey of periodontology comprised of the etiology, diagnosis, and prognosis of periodontal disease. Includes tissues and microscopic anatomy of the periodontium, historical background, causes, microbiology and classification of periodontal disease, local and systemic contributing factors, clinical assessment, radiographic analysis, and evidence-based periodontal care. Also includes decision making during treatment planning, nonsurgical and patient’s role in periodontal therapy, maintenance therapy, research articles and applications, and new dental technology.

Prerequisite(s): DHE 101 , DHE 101LC , DHE 104 , DHE 104LB , DHE 107 , DHE 112 , DHE 116 , and DHE 116LC  
Corequisite(s): DHE 120 , DHE 122 , DHE 132 , DHE 132LB , DHE 150 , DHE 150LB , DHE 150LC  
Information: Students must be admitted to the PCC Dental Hygiene program and obtain consent of the Dental Hygiene department before enrolling in this course.

1. Identify structures of the periodontium.
2. List and define the microscopic anatomy of the periodontium.
3. Describe progression of periodontal disease.
4. Identify periodontal conditions on radiographic imagery.
5. Describe steps in nonsurgical periodontal therapy.
6. Explain basic components and use of lasers.
7. Describe the relationship of oral biofilms and periodontal disease.
8. Describe the host immune response to periodontal pathogens.
9. Classify periodontal diseases.
10. List and describe systemic factors associated with periodontal disease.
11. Describe the clinical periodontal assessment.
12. Identify local contributing factors for periodontal disease.

1. Tissues of the Periodontium
   1. Nerve supply
   2. Blood supply
   3. Lymphatic system
2. Microscopic Anatomy of the Periodontium
   1. Histology of body tissues
   2. Histology of the gingiva
   3. Histology of root cementum and alveolar bone
3. The History of Periodontal Disease
   1. The periodontium in health and disease
   2. Classifications systems
   3. AAP classification for periodontal diseases
4. Search for the Causes of Periodontal Disease
   1. Epidemiology: researching periodontal disease
   2. Control and progression of periodontal disease
   3. Risk factors for periodontal disease
5. Microbiology of Periodontal Disease
   1. Bacteria in the oral environment
   2. Bacteria associated with periodontal health and disease
   3. Structure and colonization of plaque biofilms
   4. Mechanisms of periodontal destruction
   5. Control of plaque biofilms
6. Host Immune Response
   1. Role of host response in periodontal disease
   2. Pathogenesis of inflammatory periodontal disease
7. Local Contributing Factors
   1. Local factors that increase plaque biofilm retention
   2. Local factors that increase plaque biofilm pathogenicity
   3. Local factors that cause direct damage
8. Systemic Contributing Factors
   1. Systemic risk factors for periodontitis
   2. Genetic risk factors for periodontitis
   3. Systemic medications with periodontal side effects
9. Classification of Periodontal Diseases and Conditions
   1. Epidemiology: researching periodontal disease
   2. Control and progression of periodontal disease
   3. Risk factors for periodontal disease
10. Gingival Disease
    1. Classification of gingival diseases
    2. Dental-plaque induced gingival diseases
    3. Non-plaque-induced gingival
    4. Lesions
11. Periodontitis
    1. Chronic periodontitis
    2. Aggressive periodontitis
    3. Periodontitis as a manifestation of systemic disease
    4. Necrotizing periodontal diseases
    5. Developmental or acquired deformities and conditions
12. Clinical Periodontal Assessment
    1. Periodontal screening examination
    2. Comprehensive periodontal assessment
    3. Clinical features that require calculations
13. Radiographic Analysis of the Periodontium
    1. Radiographic appearance of the periodontium
    2. Use of radiographs for periodontal evaluation
14. Evidence-Based Periodontal Care
    1. Best practice
    2. Role of evidence-based care in best practice
    3. Finding clinically relevant information
    4. Lifelong learning skills for best practice
15. Decision Making During Treatment Planning
    1. Decisions related to assigning a periodontal diagnosis
    2. Decisions related to treatment sequencing
    3. Informed consent for periodontal treatment
16. Nonsurgical Periodontal Therapy
    1. Nonsurgical instrumentation
    2. Decisions following nonsurgical therapy
17. Patient’s Role in Nonsurgical Periodontal Therapy
    1. Patient self-care
    2. Tooth brushing and tongue cleaning
    3. Interdental care
18. Periodontal Maintenance Therapy
    1. Procedures and planning for periodontal maintenance
    2. Disease recurrence and patient compliance
    3. Root caries as a complication during periodontal maintenance
19. Case Studies and Research Articles and Applications
    1. Comprehensive patient cases
    2. Guidelines for reading dental literature
    3. Procedures for searching the Internet
    4. Periodontal resources on the Internet
20. New Dental Technology

Introduction

DHE 120 - Oral Pathology

1. Compare and contrast normal from abnormal.
2. Summarize the process of inflammation and repair.
3. Describe clinical and radiographic abnormalities found during an oral examination.
4. Explain the etiology, pathogenesis, signs, symptoms, clinical characteristics, radiographic finds, pathologic features, appropriate treatment, and prognosis of infectious diseases covered in the course.
5. Identify high risk areas, early manifestations, signs, symptoms, growth characteristics, histopathologic features, radiographic findings, prognosis, modalities of treatment, sequelae of therapy, and predisposing factors of oral squamous cell carcinoma.
6. Outline basic diagnostic procedures to provide additional information or a definitive diagnosis for oral lesions.
7. Explain epidemiology and available preventative measures for those diseases representing significant public health problems.
8. Apply the nomenclature to the diseases discussed in order to communicate effectively with dental and medical colleagues.
9. Describe the limitations of her/his diagnostic abilities and be capable of intelligent referral of patients to specialists.

1. Introduction to Pathology
2. Diagnostic Methods, Clinical Exam
3. Normal Exam/Variants of Normal
4. Inflammation and Repair
5. Physical/Chemical Injuries of the Oral Tissues
6. Immunity and Autoimmune Diseases
7. Infectious Diseases
8. Developmental Disorders
9. Neoplasia
   1. Squamous cell cancer
   2. Soft tissue
   3. Hard tissue
10. Genetic Disorders
11. Oral Manifestations of Systemic Diseases

DHE 122 - Pharmacology

2 Credits, 2 Contact Hours
2 lecture periods 0 lab periods

Introduction to the theory of pharmacology as it relates to dentistry. Includes drug action and handling, prescription writing, autonomic drugs, non-opioid analgesics, anti-infective agents, anti-fungal and anti-viral agents, anti-anxiety agents, cardiovascular agents, and anti-convulsant agents. Also includes psychotherapeutic agents, antacids and antihistamines, adreno cortico steroid agents, anti-neoplastic agents, and respiratory and gastrointestinal medications, emergency medications, and drug interactions and drug abuse.

Prerequisite(s): DHE 101 , DHE 101LC , DHE 104 , DHE 104LB , DHE 107 , DHE 112 , DHE 116 , and DHE 116LC  
Corequisite(s): DHE 119 , DHE 120 ,DHE 132 , DHE 132LB ,   DHE 150 , DHE 150LB , DHE 150LC  
Information: Students must be admitted to the PCC Dental Hygiene program and obtain consent of the Dental Hygiene department before enrolling in this course.

1. Describe the basic principles of pharmacology, the sources of drug production, and the agencies who regulate drug dispensaries.
2. Analyze commonly prescribe dental drugs including therapeutic use, mechanism of action, pharmacokinetics, pharmacologic effects, adverse reactions, contrainindications, and patient education.
3. Demonstrate the components of prescription writing.
4. Describe the pharmacokinetics, conditions, and applications of analgesics in dental hygiene care.
5. Compare and contrast the affinity, potency, and efficacy of the following drug classes: autonomic drugs; anti-infective agents; cardiovascular agents; psychotherapeutic agents; hormones, anti-neoplastic agents; respiratory and gastrointestinal medications; anti-anxiety agents; and emergency medications.

1. Introduction, Sources, and Regulatory Agencies

1. Terminology
2. Printed sources
3. Computer sources
4. Online sources
5. Regulation and classification of drugs
6.    Labeling requirements
7. Black box warning

1. Drug Action and Handling and Adverse Reactions

1. Routes of drug administration
2. Pharmacodynamics
3. Drug effects
4. Drug interactions
5. Bioequivalence and bioavailability

1. Prescription Writing

1. Goals of prescription writing
2. Units of measurement
3. Latin abbreviations
4. Safety of prescription pads
5. Patient adherence
6. Reduction of medication errors
7. Prescribing for children
8. Safety in pregnancy

1. Autonomic Drugs

1. Nervous system
2. Neurotransmitters
3. Sympathomimetic drugs
4. Adrenergic agonists
5. Adrenergic receptor antagonists
6. Cholinergic transmission

1. Non-Opioid Analgesics

1. Neurophysiology of pain
2. Drug therapy for dental pain
3. Non-narcotic analgesics
4. Non-steroidal anti-inflammation drugs
5. Opioid analgesics
6.    Substance abuse and dependency

1. Anti-Infective Agents

1. Antimicrobial agents
2. Bactericidal antibiotics
3. Bacteriostatic antibiotics
4. Miscellaneous antibiotics
5. Prevention of infective endocarditis
6. Antibacterial agents: topical
7. Controlled-release drug delivery

1. Anti-Fungal and Anti-Viral Agents

1. Herpes simplex
2. Antiretroviral agents
3. Antifungal agents

1. Anti-Anxiety Agents

1. Benzodiazepines
2. Barbiturates
3. Nonbarbiturates
4. Nitrous oxide
5. Narcotics
6. General anesthesia

1. Cardiovascular Agents

1. Hypertension
2. Angina pectoris
3. Heart failure
4. Arrythmias

1. Anti-Convulsant Agents
2. Psychotherapeutic Agents

1. Antipsychotic drugs
2. Mood disorders
3. Anxiolytics
4. Sedative/hypnotic drugs

1. Antacids and Antihistamines
2. Adreno Cortico Steroid Agents
3. Other Hormones
4. Anti-Neoplastic and Immunosuppressant Agents

1. Actions
2. Treatment
3. Adverse side effects
4. Limitations to dental treatment
5. Chemotherapy

1. Respiratory and Gastrointestinal Medications

1. Lung anatomy
2. Asthma
3. Cold
4. Cough
5. Peptic ulcer
6. Irritable bowel syndrome
7. Nausea and vomiting
8. Constipation
9. Diarrhea
10. Inflammatory bowel disease

1. Emergency Medications

1. Preparation of dental staff
2. Basic life support
3. Emergency medical kit and equipment

1. Drug Interactions and Drug Abuse

DHE 132 - Dental Materials

1. Demonstrate proper use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) standards, Globally Harmonized System (GHS),  and manufacturer’s’ Safety Data Sheets (SDS).
2. Compare and contrast different dental restorative materials and their biocompatibility significance.
3. Explain the importance of the study of dental materials.
4. Identify, synthesize, and evaluate dental materials in radiographic imagery.
5. Demonstrate effective communication skills using verbal, non-verbal, and written forms.
6. Demonstrate at competency level the use of various types of dental materials.

1. Identify the properties of matter and materials.
2. Operate and maintain laboratory equipment safely.
3. Prepare dental waves, cements, preventive sealants, and restorative materials.
4. Prepare materials to make occlusal registration for articulating study casts.
5. Prepare, box, and pour elastic, plastic, and rigid impression materials.
6. Prepare and pour dentulous and endentulous study casts using gypsum products.
7. Construct individualized custom trays and whitening trays.
8. Fabricate provisional restorations.
9. Describe casting techniques and identify metals used in the fabrication of dental prostheses.
10. Prepare, place, and finish composite and amalgam restorations.

1. Introduction to Dental Materials
   1. American Dental Association (ADA) specifications
   2. Properties of matter
   3. Physical and chemical properties required for dental materials
   4. Precautions
      1. Handling materials
      2. Hazardous substances
      3. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) regulations
   5. Safe use of laboratory equipment
2. Preventive Sealants and Restorative Materials
   1. Types of preventive sealants
      1. Indications for use
      2. Properties, advantages, and disadvantages
      3. Manipulation
   2. Direct filling materials
      1. Esthetic
      2. Amalgam
      3. Finish and polish  esthetic and amalgam restorations
3. Dental Cements
   1. Temporary and permanent cements and cement bases
   2. Composition and uses of various types
   3. Manipulation of cements
   4. Cavity liners and varnishes
   5. Special applications of cements
4. Impression Materials
   1. Types of impression materials
   2. Types of impression trays
   3. Agar hydrocolloid (reversible hydrocolloid)
   4. Rubber impression materials and elastomers
   5. Alginate
   6. Bite registration
   7. Disinfection of impressions
5. Gypsum Products
   1. Classification of uses of gypsum products
   2. Composition and manufacture
   3. Variables
   4. Manipulation
   5. Construction of model, cast, or die
   6. Modeling trimming
   7. Articulation
6. Miscellaneous Dental Materials
   1. Uses of resins and acrylic
   2. Waxes
   3. Dental ceramics and porcelain
   4. Polishing and cleaning agents
   5. Periodontal dressings
7. Gold, Non-Precious Alloys, and Casting of Metals
   1. Gold foil
   2. Gold casting alloys
   3. Wrought metals
   4. Dental implant materials

DHE 132LB - Dental Materials Lab

1. Demonstrate proper use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) standards, Globally Harmonized System (GHS),  and manufacturer’s’ Safety Data Sheets (SDS).
2. Compare and contrast different dental restorative materials and their biocompatibility significance.
3. Explain the importance of the study of dental materials.
4. Identify, synthesize, and evaluate dental materials in radiographic imagery.
5. Demonstrate effective communication skills using verbal, non-verbal, and written forms.
6. Demonstrate at competency level the use of various types of dental materials.

1. Identify the properties of matter and materials.
2. Operate and maintain laboratory equipment safely.
3. Prepare dental waves, cements, preventive sealants, and restorative materials.
4. Prepare materials to make occlusal registration for articulating study casts.
5. Prepare, box, and pour elastic, plastic, and rigid impression materials.
6. Prepare and pour dentulous and endentulous study casts using gypsum products.
7. Construct individualized custom trays and whitening trays.
8. Fabricate provisional restorations.
9. Describe casting techniques and identify metals used in the fabrication of dental prostheses.
10. Prepare, place, and finish composite and amalgam restorations.

1. Introduction to Dental Materials
   1. American Dental Association (ADA) specifications
   2. Properties of matter
   3. Physical and chemical properties required for dental materials
   4. Precautions
      1. Handling materials
      2. Hazardous substances
      3. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) regulations
   5. Safe use of laboratory equipment
2. Preventive Sealants and Restorative Materials
   1. Types of preventive sealants
      1. Indications for use
      2. Properties, advantages, and disadvantages
      3. Manipulation
   2. Direct filling materials
      1. Esthetic
      2. Amalgam
      3. Finish and polish esthetic and amalgam restorations
3. Dental Cements
   1. Temporary and permanent cements and cement bases
   2. Composition and uses of various types
   3. Manipulation of cements
   4. Cavity liners and varnishes
   5. Special applications of cements
4. Impression Materials
   1. Types of impression materials
   2. Types of impression trays
   3. Agar hydrocolloid (reversible hydrocolloid)
   4. Rubber impression materials and elastomers
   5. Alginate
   6. Bite registration
   7. Disinfection of impressions
5. Gypsum Products
   1. Classification of uses of gypsum products
   2. Composition and manufacture
   3. Variables
   4. Manipulation
   5. Construction of model, cast, or die
   6. Modeling trimming
   7. Articulation
6. Miscellaneous Dental Materials
   1. Uses of resins and acrylic
   2. Waves
   3. Dental ceramics and porcelain
   4. Polishing and cleaning agents
   5. Periodontal dressings
7. Gold, Non-Precious Alloys, and Casting of Metals
   1. Gold foil
   2. Gold casting alloys
   3. Wrought metals
   4. Dental implant materials

DHE 150 - Dental Hygiene II

1. Demonstrate professional and ethical behavior in patient care.
2. Apply asepsis protocol of recommended clinical guidelines for infection control and hazard management prior, during and after the provision of dental hygiene services.
3. Demonstrate proper body mechanics techniques for optimal operator and patient comfort.
4. Identify appropriate instruments for patients with varying dental needs.
5. Assess patient’s needs for preventive, educational and therapeutic dental hygiene clinical services and interpret dental radiographs for dental disease.
6. Describe evidence-based decision making principles and clinical reasoning to patient care plans.
7. Integrate, synthesize, and evaluate oral health services of diverse patient population groups through community service learning activities.
8. Apply knowledge of powered instruments, application of dental sealants, practice of medical emergency procedures, and computer applications and record documentation to effectively manage patient care.

1. Instrument Review
2. Evidence Based Decision Making and Treatment Planning
3. Medical Emergency Management Review
4. Introduction to Special Needs Patients
5. Powered Instruments
   1. Ultrasonic
   2. Piezo
   3. Sonic
6. Air Powder Polishing and Stain Removal
7. Care of Dental Prosthesis
8. Instrumentation and Alternate Fulcrums
9. Tobacco Cessation
10. Subgingival Irrigation
11. Antimicrobials
12. Dental Implant Instruments
13. Case Studies
14. Table Clinics
15. Laboratory Procedures
    1. Air-jet polisher
    2. Assembly monitoring of sterilizers
    3. Biologic monitoring of sterilizers
    4. Desensitizing agents
    5. Cleaning of removal partials/dentures
    6. Implant instrument identification
    7. Intra-oral camera armentarium
    8. Subgingival irrigation techniques – antimicrobials
    9. Instrument sharpening
    10. Ultrasonics
    11. Ultrasonic and piezo powered instruments
    12. Diagnodent
    13. VELscope
    14. Midwest Caries ID pen
    15. Caries risk assessment

DHE 150LB - Dental Hygiene II Lab

1. Demonstrate professional and ethical behavior in patient care.
2. Apply asepsis protocol of recommended clinical guidelines for infection control and hazard management prior, during and after the provision of dental hygiene services.
3. Demonstrate proper body mechanics techniques for optimal operator and patient comfort.
4. Identify appropriate instruments for patients with varying dental needs.
5. Assess patient’s needs for preventive, educational and therapeutic dental hygiene clinical services and interpret dental radiographs for dental disease.
6. Describe evidence-based decision making principles and clinical reasoning to patient care plans.
7. Integrate, synthesize, and evaluate oral health services of diverse patient population groups through community service learning activities.
8. Apply knowledge of powered instruments, application of dental sealants, practice of medical emergency procedures, and computer applications and record documentation to effectively manage patient care.

1. Instrument Review
2. Evidence Based Decision Making and Treatment Planning
3. Medical Emergency Management Review
4. Introduction to Special Needs Patients
5. Powered Instruments
   1. Ultrasonic
   2. Piezo
   3. Sonic
6. Air Powder Polishing and Stain Removal
7. Care of Dental Prosthesis
8. Instrumentation and Alternate Fulcrums
9. Tobacco Cessation
10. Subgingival Irrigation
11. Antimicrobials
12. Dental Implant Instruments
13. Case Studies
14. Table Clinics
15. Laboratory Procedures
    1. Air-jet polisher
    2. Assembly monitoring of sterilizers
    3. Biologic monitoring of sterilizers
    4. Desensitizing agents
    5. Cleaning of removal partials/dentures
    6. Implant instrument identification
    7. Intra-oral camera armentarium
    8. Subgingival irrigation techniques – antimicrobials
    9. Instrument sharpening
    10. Ultrasonics
    11. Ultrasonic and piezo powered instruments
    12. Diagnodent
    13. VELscope
    14. Midwest Caries ID pen
    15. Caries risk assessment

DHE 150LC - Dental Hygiene II Clinical

1. Demonstrate professional and ethical behavior in patient care.
2. Apply asepsis protocol of recommended clinical guidelines for infection control and hazard management prior, during and after the provision of dental hygiene services.
3. Demonstrate proper body mechanics techniques for optimal operator and patient comfort.
4. Identify appropriate instruments for patients with varying dental needs.
5. Assess patient’s needs for preventive, educational and therapeutic dental hygiene clinical services and interpret dental radiographs for dental disease.
6. Describe evidence-based decision making principles and clinical reasoning to patient care plans.
7. Integrate, synthesize, and evaluate oral health services of diverse patient population groups through community service learning activities.
8. Apply knowledge of powered instruments, application of dental sealants, practice of medical emergency procedures, and computer applications and record documentation to effectively manage patient care.

1. Instrument Review
2. Evidence Based Decision Making and Treatment Planning
3. Medical Emergency Management Review
4. Introduction to Special Needs Patients
5. Powered Instruments
   1. Ultrasonic
   2. Piezo
   3. Sonic
6. Air Powder Polishing and Stain Removal
7. Care of Dental Prosthesis
8. Instrumentation and Alternate Fulcrums
9. Tobacco Cessation
10. Subgingival Irrigation
11. Antimicrobials
12. Dental Implant Instruments
13. Case Studies
14. Table Clinics
15. Laboratory Procedures
    1. Air-jet polisher
    2. Assembly monitoring of sterilizers
    3. Biologic monitoring of sterilizers
    4. Desensitizing agents
    5. Cleaning of removal partials/dentures
    6. Implant instrument identification
    7. Intra-oral camera armentarium
    8. Subgingival irrigation techniques – antimicrobials
    9. Instrument sharpening
    10. Ultrasonics
    11. Ultrasonic and piezo powered instruments
    12. Diagnodent
    13. VELscope
    14. Midwest Caries ID pen
    15. Caries risk assessment

DHE 160LC - Clinical Skills Enhancement I

1. Utilize effective remediation clinical skills which may include but are not limited to:

1. Speed of care
2. Sequencing of care delivery
3. Prioritization of care delivery/time management
4. Skill refinement
5. Documentation
6. Data collection
7. Patient safety
8. Organization
9. Communication

1. Perform and participate in the assessment portion of the course with supervising faculty.
2. Develop an educational plan with dental hygiene faculty based upon student’s identified clinical deficiencies.
3. Develop an individualized clinical remediation plan.
4. Measure his or her success in the areas of deficiencies

1. Education Plan by Dental Hygiene Faculty Based on Student’s Clinical Deficiencies

1. Assess student development
2. Discuss skill development concerns with student
3. Ascertain  student interest in pursuing individualized instruction

1. Development of Individualized Clinical Remediation Plan

1. Create clinical instruction plan to address student deficiencies
2. One-on-one clinical instruction with monitoring of progress and student feedback

1. Assessment

1. Student improvement and discussion with student
2. Monitoring of student success in skill recovery

DHE 196 - Independent Studies in Dental Hygiene

DHE 208 - Pain and Anxiety Control for Dental Hygiene

1. Describe and apply principles and techniques to manage pain control, pain/impulse conduction related to nerve anatomy and physiology along with possible interactions with other medications or health conditions.
2. Describe the pharmacological properties, actions, considerations and contraindications to local anesthetic agents, vasoconstrictors, and nitrous oxide.
3. Determine the appropriate pain control armamentarium, agents and techniques needed to ensure patient safety and comfort during the administration of local anesthesia and nitrous oxide – oxygen analgesia according to legal and ethical standards.
4. Demonstrate competence in administering selected local anesthetic injections and nitrous oxide – oxygen analgesia.

1. Describe the need for pain control and explain pain/impulse conduction related to nerve anatomy and physiology.
2. Describe the pharmacological properties, actions, considerations and contraindications to local anesthetic agents, vasoconstrictors, and nitrous oxide.
3. Assess the client’s medico-dental history as it relates to choice of technique and agents used in the administration of local anesthetics and nitrous oxide – oxygen analgesia.
4. Determine the appropriate pain control armamentarium, agents and techniques needed to ensure patient safety and comfort during the administration of local anesthesia and nitrous oxide – oxygen analgesia.
5. Apply principles, techniques, and determine ways to prevent and manage potential emergency situations and any possible interactions with other medications or health conditions associated with dental anesthetics and nitrous oxide.
6. Demonstrate competence in administering selected local anesthetic injections and nitrous oxide – oxygen analgesia.
7. Practice pain control techniques according to legal and ethical standards.
8. Apply highest standards of infection control and safety to protect the client and operator.
9. Plan, present, and receive client consent for an individualized dental hygiene treatment plan, based upon the assessment data and medical history, for the anesthesia patient, including referral to appropriate health care professionals.
10. Describe the limitations and indications for local inhalation anesthesia.
11. Describe the related aspects of nitrous oxide oxygen to respiratory physiology.
12. List the components, equipment and functions for a nitrous oxide delivery system and a scavenger system.
13. Demonstrate the use and maintenance of nitrous oxide delivery system equipment.
14. Explain the need for oxygen and describe how to administer it.
15. Review clinic protocols for medical emergency procedures.

1. Introduction to Pain and Anxiety Control
2. Pharmacology, Neurophysiology, and Local Anesthetic Agents
   1. Pharmacology of local anesthetics and vasoconstrictors
   2. Neurophysiology/how local anesthetics work
   3. Topical and local anesthetics used in dentistry
   4. Selecting a local anesthetic agent
   5. Calculating amounts of local anesthetics/vasoconstrictors
3. Nitrous Oxide and Oxygen Analgesia
   1. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) update and steps for prevention
   2. Signs and symptoms of nitrous oxide and oxygen analgesia
   3. Management of nitrous oxide and oxygen analgesia complications
4. Health History and Complications
   1. Health history evaluation
   2. Drug interactions
   3. Local and systemic complications
5. Treatment
   1. Treatment planning for local anesthesia
   2. Ethical and legal considerations
6. Laboratory Practice on Student Partners
   1. Posterior superior alveolar
   2. Middle superior alveolar
   3. Anterior superior alveolar
   4. Greater palatine
   5. Nasopalatine
   6. Inferior alveolar
   7. Lingual
   8. Mental
   9.       Long buccal
   10. Infraorbital
   11. Gow-Gates
   12. Second division
   13. Akinosi
   14. Intramuscular
   15. Nitrous oxide and oxygen analgesia
7. Emergency Procedures
8. Head and Neck Anatomy

DHE 208LC - Pain and Anxiety Control for Dental Hygiene Clinical

1. Describe and apply principles and techniques to manage pain control, pain/impulse conduction related to nerve anatomy and physiology along with possible interactions with other medications or health conditions.
2. Describe the pharmacological properties, actions, considerations and contraindications to local anesthetic agents, vasoconstrictors, and nitrous oxide.
3. Determine the appropriate pain control armamentarium, agents and techniques needed to ensure patient safety and comfort during the administration of local anesthesia and nitrous oxide – oxygen analgesia according to legal and ethical standards.
4. Demonstrate competence in administering selected local anesthetic injections and nitrous oxide – oxygen analgesia.

1. Describe the need for pain control and explain pain/impulse conduction related to nerve anatomy and physiology.
2. Describe the pharmacological properties, actions, considerations and contraindications to local anesthetic agents, vasoconstrictors, and nitrous oxide.
3. Assess the client’s medico-dental history as it relates to choice of technique and agents used in the administration of local anesthetics and nitrous oxide – oxygen analgesia.
4. Determine the appropriate pain control armamentarium, agents and techniques needed to ensure patient safety and comfort during the administration of local anesthesia and nitrous oxide – oxygen analgesia.
5. Apply principles, techniques, and determine ways to prevent and manage potential emergency situations and any possible interactions with other medications or health conditions associated with dental anesthetics and nitrous oxide.
6. Demonstrate competence in administering selected local anesthetic injections and nitrous oxide – oxygen analgesia.
7. Practice pain control techniques according to legal and ethical standards.
8. Apply highest standards of infection control and safety to protect the client and operator.
9. Plan, present, and receive client consent for an individualized dental hygiene treatment plan, based upon the assessment data and medical history, for the anesthesia patient, including referral to appropriate health care professionals.
10. Describe the limitations and indications for local inhalation anesthesia.
11. Describe the related aspects of nitrous oxide oxygen to respiratory physiology.
12. List the components, equipment and functions for a nitrous oxide delivery system and a scavenger system.
13. Demonstrate the use and maintenance of nitrous oxide delivery system equipment.
14. Explain the need for oxygen and describe how to administer it.
15. Review clinic protocols for medical emergency procedures.

1. Introduction to Pain and Anxiety Control
2. Pharmacology, Neurophysiology, and Local Anesthetic Agents
   1. Pharmacology of local anesthetics and vasoconstrictors
   2. Neurophysiology/how local anesthetics work
   3. Topical and local anesthetics used in dentistry
   4. Selecting a local anesthetic agent
   5. Calculating amounts of local anesthetics/vasoconstrictors
3. Nitrous Oxide and Oxygen Analgesia
   1. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) update and steps for prevention
   2. Signs and symptoms of nitrous oxide and oxygen analgesia
   3. Management of nitrous oxide and oxygen analgesia complications
4. Health History and Complications
   1. Health history evaluation
   2. Drug interactions
   3. Local and systemic complications
5. Treatment
   1. Treatment planning for local anesthesia
   2. Ethical and legal considerations
6. Laboratory Practice on Student Partners
   1. Posterior superior alveolar
   2. Middle superior alveolar
   3. Anterior superior alveolar
   4. Greater palatine
   5. Nasopalatine
   6. Inferior alveolar
   7. Lingual
   8. Mental
   9.        Long buccal
   10. Infraorbital
   11. Gow-Gates
   12. Second division
   13. Akinosi
   14. Intramuscular
   15. Nitrous oxide and oxygen analgesia
7. Emergency Procedures
8. Head and Neck Anatomy

DHE 209 - Ethics and Practice Management

1. Describe the core values found in the Code of Ethics of the American Dental Hygienists’ Association and explain the terms used in ethical principles.
2. Identify and discuss ethical principles and ethical theories and their application to the practice of dental hygiene and within the workplace.
3. Discuss and apply basic concepts of business management, social issues identification that can affect the dental hygienist in an employment environment.

1. Identify and discuss ethical theories and principles and their application to dental hygiene practice.
2. Differentiate between social philosophy theories and their role in dental hygiene patient care.
3. Describe principle components of criminal, civil and tort law.
4. Discuss social issues within workplace legislation and how they can affect your employment environment.
5. Apply basic concepts of business management to the dental or dental hygiene component of a practice.
6. Demonstrate ability to effectively schedule dental hygiene procedures in a dental office.
7. Critique current time management and periodontal maintenance systems that may be used in dentistry.
8. Identify criteria for informed consent.
9. Identify different employment opportunities for dental hygienists.
10. Prepare a resume and cover letter for future employment.
11. Discuss economic considerations for a profitable practice, including production, collection, and office overhead.
12. Explain the contributions of the dental hygienist to the dental office team.
13. Develop a mission statement and goals for the dental hygiene component of a dental practice.
14. Determine the productivity of the dental hygiene component of a dental practice.
15. List and define the elements necessary for a complete case presentation.
16. Define the term “marketing” as it relates to the dental practice.
17. Discuss marketing strategies for practice promotion and elements of a practice that enhance client satisfaction.
18. Express the importance of a periodontal maintenance system.
19. Evaluate the different types of periodontal maintenance systems.
20. Design an inventory control system for dental hygiene supplies.
21. Differentiate insurance codes and nomenclature used for dental hygiene services.
22. Design an employment contract, including elements of setting job descriptions, compensation, terms of employment evaluation, and termination procedures.
23. Evaluate job performance, including expectations and techniques necessary for changing performance.
24. Write an employment resume and cover letter.
25. Access the Internet via the World Wide Web for researching dental and dental hygiene related topics.

1. The Business of Dentistry
   1. Patient and time management – appointment scheduling
   2. Dental insurance and bookkeeping systems
   3. Marketing plan
   4. Patient recall systems
   5. Employment contract
   6. Ethics and jurisprudence
2. Dental Hygiene Career Opportunities
   1. Searching for employment
   2. Marketing your skills
   3. Resume/cover letter
   4. Job interviews
3. Ethics
   1. Ethical principles and core values
   2. Ethical theories
   3. Social philosophy
   4. Ethical decision making in dental hygiene practice
4. Jurisprudence
   1. Criminal, civil, and tort law
   2. Contract law
   3. Licensure
   4. State Dental Practice Act

DHE 212 - Nutrition for Oral Health

1. Identify the components of the oral cavity, essential nutrients, and nutrition classes that support optimal oral health and the function of each part of the human digestive tract. 
2. Describe the oral implications of chronic health conditions which include, but are not limited to hypertension, osteoporosis and immune deficiency disorders and dental caries.
3. Describe the nutritional concerns associated with the dentally compromised patient as they relate to oral surgery, orthodontics, prosthetics (dentures), dysphagia, temporomandibular disorders, and cognitive and physical impairments.

1. Explain the oral and general physical conditions associated with malnutrition.
2. Describe the parts and function of each part of the human digestive tract.
3. Summarize how diet can affect the health of the human dentition.
4. Explain the relationship between diet and dental caries.
5. Describe the oral implications of chronic health conditions which include, but are not limited to hypertension, osteoporosis and immune deficiency disorders.
6. Identify the function, chemistry, classification, sources, digestion, absorption, transport, and storage of carbohydrates.
7. Identify the chemistry, synthesis, digestion, absorption, metabolism, sources, deficiency, digestion, absorption, transport, and storage of proteins.
8. Identify the function, types, compound lipids, derived lipids, digestion, absorption, transport, and storage of fats.
9. Summarize the mineralization of bones and teeth and the role of electrolytes and trace elements in this process.
10. Outline the impact medications can have on nutrition and oral health with focus upon drug-nutrient interactions, nutritional implications of common medications, and the oral effects of medications.
11. Describe the nutritional concerns associated with the dentally compromised patient as they relate to oral surgery, orthodontics, prosthetics (dentures), dysphagia, temporomandibular disorders, and cognitive and physical impairments.

1. Nutrition as the Foundation for General and Oral Health
   1. Oral cavity
   2. Essential nutrients
   3. Nutrient classes
   4. Malnutrition
   5. Digestive tract
2. Diet, Nutrition, and Teeth
   1. Local effects of diet on teeth
   2. Diet and dental caries
3. Nutritional and Oral Implications of Common Chronic Health Conditions
   1. Hypertension
   2. Osteoporosis
   3. Immune system disorders
4. Carbohydrates, Diabetes, and Associated Health Conditions
   1. Carbohydrates
      1. Function
      2. Chemistry
      3. Classification
      4. Sources
      5. Digestion, absorption, transport, and storage
   2. Carbohydrate-related issues and concerns
5. Proteins for System and Oral Health
   1. Chemistry
   2. Synthesis
   3. Digestion and absorption
   4. Metabolism
   5. Sources
   6. Deficiency
   7. Digestion, absorption, transport, and storage
6. Lipids and Fats in Health and Disease
   1. Function
   2. Types
   3. Compound lipids
   4. Derived lipids
   5. Digestion, absorption, transport, and storage
7. Minerals and Mineralization
   1. Mineralization of bones and teeth
   2. Mineralizing minerals
   3. Electrolytes
   4. Trace elements (microminerals)
8. How Medications Can Affect Nutrition and Oral Health
   1. Drug-nutrient interactions
   2. Nutritional implications of common medications
   3. Oral effects and medications
9. Nutritional Concerns for the Dentally Compromised Patient
   1. Oral surgery
   2. Orthodontics
   3. Dentures
   4. Dysphagia
   5. Temporomandibular disorders
   6. Cognitive and physical impairments

DHE 213 - Advanced Periodontal Services

1. Describe the use of lasers in dentistry, safety precautions, steps in applying lasers for bacterial reduction.
2. Demonstrate the use of emerging dental technology at the level of competency.
3. Evaluate the components of the periodontal examination and explain how they serve as diagnostic aids for determination of the initial phase of therapy.
4. Integrate, synthesize, and evaluate an individualized dental hygiene treatment plan for the periodontal patient.
5. Summarize the American Academy of Periodontology (AAP) periodontal classifications.
6. Explain oral conditions indicative of the need for scaling and root planning and outline the purpose of the initial phase of therapy.
7. Demonstrate appropriate instrumentation techniques on patients with periodontal disease.
8. Create an individualized dental hygiene care plan and maintenance program for the periodontal patient
9. Evaluate possible outcomes after periodontal treatment.
10. Describe the physiological process of the reattachment of periodontal tissues as well as the formation of new fiber attachment.
11. Explain the purpose and oral conditions associated with gingival curettage, flap surgeries, gingivectomies, mucogingival surgeries, regenerative procedures and implant surgeries.

1. Periodontal Exam and Initial Phase
2. Treatment Plan
3. Periodontal Classifications
4. Plaque Control for the Periodontal Patient
5. Scaling and Root Planning Indications and Limitations
6. Sonic and Ultrasonic Therapy in Periodontal Services
7. Hand and Powered Instrumentation
8. Implant Maintenance
9. Occlusal Evaluation and Adjustment
10. Reevaluation of Treatment and Maintenance
11. Periodontal Healing – Reattachment/New Attachment
12. Antimicrobials, Antibiotics, and Soft Tissue Dental Lasers in Periodontal Therapy
    1. Use of lasers
    2. Safety procedures
    3. Steps for bacterial reduction
13. Surgical Procedures
    1. Gingival curettage
    2. Gingivectomies
    3. Flap surgeries
    4. Mucogingival surgeries
    5. Regenative surgical procedures
    6. Implant surgery
14. Non-Surgical Periodontal Therapy

DHE 213CA - Advanced Periodontal Services Clinical - A

1. Describe the use of lasers in dentistry, safety precautions, steps in applying lasers for bacterial reduction.
2. Demonstrate the use of emerging dental technology at the level of competency.
3. Evaluate the components of the periodontal examination and explain how they serve as diagnostic aids for determination of the initial phase of therapy.
4. Integrate, synthesize, and evaluate an individualized dental hygiene treatment plan for the periodontal patient.
5. Summarize the American Academy of Periodontology (AAP) periodontal classifications.
6. Explain oral conditions indicative of the need for scaling and root planning and outline the purpose of the initial phase of therapy.
7. Demonstrate appropriate instrumentation techniques on patients with periodontal disease.
8. Create an individualized dental hygiene care plan and maintenance program for the periodontal patient
9. Evaluate possible outcomes after periodontal treatment.
10. Describe the physiological process of the reattachment of periodontal tissues as well as the formation of new fiber attachment.
11. Explain the purpose and oral conditions associated with gingival curettage, flap surgeries, gingivectomies, mucogingival surgeries, regenerative procedures and implant surgeries.

1. Periodontal Exam and Initial Phase
2. Treatment Plan
3. Periodontal Classifications
4. Plaque Control for the Periodontal Patient
5. Scaling and Root Planning Indications and Limitations
6. Sonic and Ultrasonic Therapy in Periodontal Services
7. Hand and Powered Instrumentation
8. Implant Maintenance
9. Occlusal Evaluation and Adjustment
10. Reevaluation of Treatment and Maintenance
11. Periodontal Healing – Reattachment/New Attachment
12. Antimicrobials, Antibiotics, and Soft Tissue Dental Lasers in Periodontal Therapy
    1. Use of lasers
    2. Safety procedures
    3. Steps for bacterial reduction
13. Surgical Procedures
    1. Gingival curettage
    2. Gingivectomies
    3. Flap surgeries
    4. Mucogingival surgeries
    5. Regenative surgical procedures
    6. Implant surgery
14. Non-Surgical Periodontal Therapy

DHE 213CB - Advanced Periodontal Services Clinical - B

1. Describe the use of lasers in dentistry, safety precautions, steps in applying lasers for bacterial reduction.
2. Demonstrate the use of emerging dental technology at the level of competency.
3. Evaluate the components of the periodontal examination and explain how they serve as diagnostic aids for determination of the initial phase of therapy.
4. Integrate, synthesize, and evaluate an individualized dental hygiene treatment plan for the periodontal patient.
5. Summarize the American Academy of Periodontology (AAP) periodontal classifications.
6. Explain oral conditions indicative of the need for scaling and root planning and outline the purpose of the initial phase of therapy.
7. Demonstrate appropriate instrumentation techniques on patients with periodontal disease.
8. Create an individualized dental hygiene care plan and maintenance program for the periodontal patient
9. Evaluate possible outcomes after periodontal treatment.
10. Describe the physiological process of the reattachment of periodontal tissues as well as the formation of new fiber attachment.
11. Explain the purpose and oral conditions associated with gingival curettage, flap surgeries, gingivectomies, mucogingival surgeries, regenerative procedures and implant surgeries.

1. Periodontal Exam and Initial Phase
2. Treatment Plan
3. Periodontal Classifications
4. Plaque Control for the Periodontal Patient
5. Scaling and Root Planning Indications and Limitations
6. Sonic and Ultrasonic Therapy in Periodontal Services
7. Hand and Powered Instrumentation
8. Implant Maintenance
9. Occlusal Evaluation and Adjustment 
10. Reevaluation of Treatment and Maintenance
11. Periodontal Healing – Reattachment/New Attachment
12. Antimicrobials, Antibiotics, and Soft Tissue Dental Lasers in Periodontal Therapy
    1. Use of lasers
    2. Safety procedures
    3. Steps for bacterial reduction
13. Surgical Procedures
    1. Gingival curettage
    2. Gingivectomies
    3. Flap surgeries
    4. Mucogingival surgeries
    5. Regenative surgical procedures
    6. Implant surgery
14. Non-Surgical Periodontal Therapy

DHE 216 - Community and Dental Health Education

1. Develop a dental health presentation based on the needs of a population.
2. Integrate, synthesize, and evaluate a dental health program in a variety of settings.
3. Demonstrate educational principles of learning during the oral health presentation.
4. Perform, analyze, and interpret data for: central tendency, reliability, validity, and probability.
5. Critique a professional journal article for content and research.
6. Explain the dental health care system in the United States.
7. Discuss the dental needs, demand, and utilization in the United States.
8. Discuss the history, benefits, and issues of water fluoridation in the United States.

1. Critiquing Dental Literature

1. Criteria for review
2. The scientific method
   1. Steps in Community Dental Health Program Planning

1. Assessing the population
2. Planning the program
3. Implementing the program
   1. Education strategies
   2. Principles and methods
   3. Learning and teaching
4. Evaluating the program
   1. Basic Biostatistics

1. Sampling
2. Data statistics
3. Statistical decision making
   1. Epidemiology

1. Caries indices
2. Gingival and periodontal indices
3. Other indices
   1. Research in the Dental Community

1. Types of research
2. Ethical and legal considerations in research
   1. Dental Needs and Demand in the United States
   2. Dental Care Delivery in the United States
   3. Prevention of Oral Disease in Public Health

DHE 250 - Dental Hygiene III

1. Develop a dental hygiene care plan; formulate a dental hygiene diagnosis, using the dental hygiene human needs concept.
2. Discuss modifications to dental hygiene care and oral health education for the mentally challenged and for the patients with physical disabilities.
3. Define and collected available treatment alternatives that relate to periodontal disease and the specific treatment that satisfies the needs for patient oral health.
4. Demonstrate intermediate to advanced instrumentation skills with a vast variety of dental instruments.

1. Construct a dental hygiene care plan using the dental hygiene human needs concept.
2. Formulate a dental hygiene diagnosis using the patient’s assessment finds.
3. Organize and apply the patient’s dental hygiene diagnosis into a comprehensive treatment plan.
4. Construct an appointment plan using the comprehensive treatment plan.
5. Describe the importance of the re-evaluation appointment.
6. Identify characteristic for patients with physical and sensory disabilities.
7. Describe the differences between universal and area-specific curets.
8. Compare and contrast between power-driven and hand scaling instruments.
9. List concerns in a dental office for treating a patient with physical and sensory disabilities.
10. List concerns in a dental office for treating a patient with a cleft lip or palate.
11. Decide when to refer for additional supportive care for patients with physical and sensory disabilities.
12. List the possible oral changes for the patients with physical disabilities.
13. Modify the dental hygiene treatment to the needs of patients.
14. Discuss modifications to dental hygiene care and oral health education for individuals with  intellectual disorders.
15. Explain how to escort a patient with a visual impairment to the dental chair and give patient education.
16. Design strategies to communicate with a patient with a sensory impairment.
17. List special considerations in dental treatment for the patient with arthritis.
18. Develop a dental hygiene care plan for an individual undergoing chemotherapy or radiation therapy.
19. Advise patients with oral cancer about how their chemotherapy or radiation therapy will affect their oral structures.
20. Discuss the dental needs of HIV positive patients in the different stages and how to treat those patients.
21. Identify a patient history that might be positive for hepatitis and list a dental hygiene care plan for the patient.
22. Define infective endocarditis and identify potential risks for subacute bacterial endocarditis.
23. Develop a dental hygiene management plan for patient with a history of congestive heart failure, heart attack, intrinsic heart disease, and cardiac arrhythmias.
24. Describe the disease process of diabetes and discuss the dental hygiene treatment for managing the patient with diabetes.
25. List the procedures for the mock board exam and participates in the exam.
26. List causes of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and determine the treatment modification for patients with this disease.
27. Discuss the oral sign associated with bleeding disorders.
28. List the precautions and dental treatment modifications for patients with bleeding disorders.
29. Identify oral manifestations of patients on dialysis.
30. Relate the pharmacological precautions taken with a patient in renal failure.

1. Dental Hygiene Theory and Care
   1. Human needs theory and dental hygiene care
   2. Dental hygiene diagnosis
   3. Cross-cultural practice
   4. Dental hygiene care plan and evaluation
2. Instrumentation
   1. Use of curet and sickle scalers and files
   2. Power-driven and hand scaling instruments
3. Wheel Chair Transfer
4. Care of Patients With Physical Disabilities
   1. Physical disability or impairment
   2. Sensory disability
   3. Cleft lip and/or palate
5. Care of Patients With Mental Disabilities
   1. Intellectual Disorders
   2. Mental Disorder
   3. Alcohol-Related Disorder
   4. Eating Disorders
6. Care of Patients with Health Conditions
   1. Seizure Disabilities
   2. Cardiovascular Disease
   3. Blood Disease
   4. Diabetes
   5. Oral Cancer
   6. Transplant Organs
   7. HIV/AIDS
   8. Hepatitis or Liver Disease
   9. Renal Failure and Dialysis
   10. Pulmonary Disease

DHE 250LC - Dental HygieneIII Clinical

1. Develop a dental hygiene care plan; formulate a dental hygiene diagnosis, using the dental hygiene human needs concept.
2. Discuss modifications to dental hygiene care and oral health education for the mentally challenged and for the patients with physical disabilities.
3. Define and collected available treatment alternatives that relate to periodontal disease and the specific treatment that satisfies the needs for patient oral health.
4. Demonstrate intermediate to advanced instrumentation skills with a vast variety of dental instruments.

1. Provide home care instructions based upon patient needs an interest level.
2. Provide nutritional counseling service to clinical patients as treatment planned.
3. Write up a dental hygiene care plan for patient services.
4. Formulate a dental hygiene diagnosis.
5. Respond to any medical emergencies.
6. Explain etiology and prognosis of dental disease so that the patient understands his role in home care.
7. Use radiographic surveys to detect abnormal tissues, detect calculus, critique technique, and identify normal landmarks.
8. Expose radiographic surveys after determining the patient’s needs and diagnostic yield.
9. Record findings from initial extra-oral and extra-oral exams.
10. Demonstrate treatment procedures for medically compromised patients with the implementation of appropriate precautionary measures.
11. Consult with the patient’s physicians in determining the appropriate modification in dental hygiene service for each patient recognized as a medically compromised.
12. Complete a periodontal record for baseline information and provide updates for a clinical patient under treatment.
13. Prepare dental hygiene treatment plans for patients who exhibit intermediate levels of periodontal disease.
14. Integrate preventative measures, along with periodontal disease control services, for each patient indicated for these services.
15. Explain and establish referrals to the dental specialties for patients who require additional dental treatment.
16. Integrate dental care with a total approach to provide optimal health care.
17. Practice consistent universal precautions, asepsis and safety standards in the dental environment.
18. Evaluate the success of recommendations for the use of home care instructions and the patient’s plaque control techniques, based upon the tissue responses.
19. Apply root-planning techniques when indicted for smoothing the cementum.
20. Evaluate an individual patient success with prescribe plaque control techniques.
21. Incorporate the use of diagnostic radiographs for the detection and treatment of periodontal disease.
22. Successful placement of composite and amalgam restorations on a typodont.
23. Introduction of the use of lasers.

1. Dental Hygiene Theory and Care
   1. Human needs theory and dental hygiene care
   2. Dental hygiene diagnosis
   3. Cross-cultural practice
   4. Dental hygiene care plan and evaluation
2. Instrumentation
   1. Use of curet and sickle scalers and files
   2. Power-driven and hand scaling instruments
   3. Composite and amalgam restorations
   4. Introduction to lasers
3. Wheel Chair Transfer
4. Care of Patients With Physical Disabilities
   1. Physical disability or impairment
   2. Sensory disability
   3. Cleft lip and/or palate
5. Care of Patients With Mental Disabilities
   1. Mental Retardation
   2. Mental Disorder
   3. Alcohol-Related Disorder
6. Care of Patients with Health Conditions
   1. Seizure Disabilities
   2. Cardiovascular Disease
   3. Blood Disease
   4. Diabetes
   5. Oral Cancer
   6. Transplant Organs
   7. HIV/AIDS
   8. Hepatitis or Liver Disease
   9. Renal Failure and Dialysis
   10. Pulmonary Disease

DHE 255 - Dental Hygiene IV

1. Outline patient and candidate requirements and procedures for the WREB clinical examination.
2. Demonstrate advanced fulcrum techniques, advanced instrumentation, techniques for heavy calculus removal, and advanced techniques for root surface debridement at the level of competency.
3. Demonstrate power instrumentation for proper angulation and adaptation.
4. Apply the ADHA Code of Ethics as a guide for ethical consciousness, decision making, and practice.
5. Document accurate information in the assessment, identification, planning, implementation, and evaluation phases of dental hygiene services.
6. Demonstrate effective communicate skills verbally, non-verbally, both written and electronically.
7. Apply knowledge of course materials to successfully pass National and Regional Board Exams.

1. American Dental Association (ADA) National Board Review and Preparation
2. Western Regional Examining Board (WREB) Dental Hygiene Review and Preparation
   1. Identifying individual needs
   2. Mock exam
3. Arizona State Board of Dental Examiners (AZSBDE) Jurisprudence Review and Preparation
   1. Ethics in dental hygiene
   2. Law and malpractice
   3. Mock exam
4. Advanced Instrumentation
   1. Reinforcement scaling techniques
   2. Furcation instruments
   3. Mini-bladed gracey curets
5. Advanced Ultrasonic Inserts and Techniques
   1. Insert selection
   2. Instrumentation technique
6. Preparing for Entry Level Employment

DHE 255LC - Dental Hygiene IV Clinical

1. Outline patient and candidate requirements and procedures for the WREB clinical examination.
2. Demonstrate advanced fulcrum techniques, advanced instrumentation, techniques for heavy calculus removal, and advanced techniques for root surface debridement at the level of competency.
3. Demonstrate power instrumentation for proper angulation and adaptation, and proper use of lasers.
4. Apply the ADHA Code of Ethics as a guide for ethical consciousness, decision making, and practice.
5. Document accurate information in the assessment, identification, planning, implementation, and evaluation phases of dental hygiene services.
6. Demonstrate effective communicate skills verbally, non-verbally, both written and electronically.

1. American Dental Association (ADA) National Board Review and Preparation
2. Western Regional Examining Board (WREB) Dental Hygiene Review and Preparation
   1. Identifying individual needs
   2. Mock exam
3. Advanced Instrumentation
   1. Reinforcement scaling techniques
   2. Furcation instruments
   3. Mini-bladed gracey curets
4. Advanced Ultrasonic Inserts and Techniques
   1. Insert selection
   2. Instrumentation technique
5. Preparing for Entry Level Employment
6. Successful placement of composite and amalgam restorations into Kilgore tooth
7. Use of laser therapy

DHE 260LC - Clinical Skills Enhancement II

1. Develop an education plan with dental hygiene faculty based upon student’s identified clinical deficiencies.
2. Development of an individualized clinical remediation plan.
3. Measure his/her success in the areas of deficiencies.

1. Identification of Need for Remediation Through Clinical Performance Scores

1. Faculty observation of student’s development
2. Review clinic performance with student
3. Confirmation of student interest in additional clinical instruction

1. Development of Individualized Clinical Remediation Plan

1. Skill remediation
2. One-on-one clinical instruction

1. Assessment

1. Daily feedback for student
2. Overall skill development progress

DHE 296 - Advanced Independent Study: Dental Hygiene