ENG 221 - Introduction to Aerospace Engineering

3 Credits, 3 Contact Hours
3 lecture periods 0 lab periods

Introduction to the fundamental concepts, and approaches of aerospace engineering. Includes history of aeronautics and astronautics, overview of modern design and analysis practices for aircraft and spacecraft industry. Elements of aerodynamics, airfoils and wings. Airplane performance, stability, and control. Aircraft and rocket propulsion. Fundamentals of orbital motion. Basic aircraft performance and aspects of vehicle conceptual design.

Prerequisite(s): PHY 210IN , MAT 241 and MAT 262 (MAT 262 may be taken concurrently)

Course Learning Outcomes

Describe the historical development and summarize progress made to date in the aerospace field.
Explain the basic concepts of aerodynamics, propulsion, flight mechanics, aircraft materials and structure, aircraft support systems.
Identify vehicle types, historical references, and modern design practices.
Demonstrate knowledge of fundamental concepts of aerodynamics
Demonstrate knowledge of aerodynamic shapes
Demonstrate knowledge of fundamental principles of aircraft performance

Outline:

Aviation history and first aeronautical engineers
1. Historical perspective of aerospace engineering
2. Beginning of the theory of flight
3. Aviation pioneers
Fundamental Concepts
1. Fundamental physical quantities
2. Units of measurement
3. The source of all aerodynamic forces
4. Anatomy of airplane
5. Anatomy of a space vehicle
Standard Atmosphere
1. Altitude; relation between geopotential and geometric altitudes
2. Hydrostatics equations
3. U.S. and International Standard Atmosphere
4. Pressure, temperature, density, and viscosity of the Earth’s atmosphere
Basic equations in integral form of a control volume
1. Basic law for a system
2. Conservation of mass
3. The angular – momentum principle
4. The first and second laws of thermodynamics
5. Relation of system derivatives for control volume formulation
6. Conservation of mass: special cases
7. Momentum equation for inertial control volume
8. Differential control volume analysis
9. Control volume moving with constant velocity
Differential analysis of fluid motion
1. Conservation of mass
2. Rectangular and cylindrical coordinate systems
3. Motion of a fluid of particle
4. Fluid translation: acceleration of a fluid particle in a velocity field
5. Fluid rotation
6. Fluid deformation
7. Momentum equation
8. Forces acting on a fluid of a particle
9. Differential momentum equation
10. Newtonian Fluid: Navier-Stokes equations
Basics Aerodynamics
1. Incompressible and compressible flow
2. Basic concepts of thermodynamics
3. Isentropic flow
4. Energy equation
5. Speed of sound
6. Measurement of airspeed
7. Supersonic wind tunnels and rockets engines
8. Introduction to viscous flow
9. Results for laminar boundary layer
10. Results for turbulent boundary layer
11. Compressibility effects on skin friction
12. Transitional flow
13. Flow separation
14. Viscous effects on drag
Aerodynamics Shapes
1. Airfoil nomenclature and data
2. Lift, drag and moments coefficients
3. Pressure coefficient
4. Critical Mach number and critical pressure coefficient
5. Drag-divergence Mach number
6. Calculation of induced drag
Aircraft Performance
1. Performance parameters
2. Equations of motion
3. Drag polar: drag and lift coefficients
4. Required and available thrust
5. Required and available power
6. Rate of climb
7. Gliding flight
8. Thrust-velocity curves
9. Range and endurance
10. Takeoff and landing performance
11. V-n diagrams
12. Aerodynamics efficiency