Mar 28, 2024  
2022-2023 College Catalog 
    
2022-2023 College Catalog [ARCHIVED CATALOG]

RAD 184 - Radiographic Positioning IV

3 Credits, 3 Contact Hours
3 lecture periods 0 lab periods

Continuation of RAD 181 . Includes positioning and anatomy of the skull and facial bones, acute medical emergencies, infection control and preventing transmissible diseases, review of vital signs, and the second part of radiation biology.

Prerequisite(s): RAD 180 , RAD 181 , RAD 182 , RAD 183LC .
Corequisite(s): RAD 184LB , RAD 185 , RAD 186LC  
Information: Consent of program director is required before enrolling in this course.


Course Learning Outcomes
  1. Explain the Acute Radiation Syndrome and how it has contributed to our understanding of whole body radiation expose experienced by the victims of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. 
  2. Define the Target Cell Theory and illustrate ionizing effect of High and Low LET radiation on the human cell.
  3. Outline the timeframe and primary fetal effects of radiation for all three stages of gestation.
  4. Discuss the effects of radiation on the spermatoagonia and oogonia and its relative genetic impact.
  5. Using an illustration of the double helix of DNA, discuss the five main effects of radiation on the nucleotide base pairs and which one is associated with a genetic mutation.

Performance Objectives:
  1. Describe, demonstrate, identify, and critique images for anatomic location, function, anatomy, and routine positions for the skull and cranial bones, facial bones and paranasal sinuses.
  2. State four reasons for learning good patient assessment skills.
  3. Demonstrate how to take a history appropriate to a specific procedure using the informed inquiry format.
  4. State the normal values for temperature, blood pressure, pulse, and respiration for an adult and child.
  5. List the emergency actions a radiographer would take for spinal/head injuries, trauma patients, shock, and various medical emergencies.
  6. Discuss aseptic techniques and standard precautions for the patients and technologists safety.
  7. Discuss ARS including the prodromal, latent, and manifest periods and the hematologic, gastrointestinal, and central nervous system syndromes.
  8. Analyze stochastic and non-stochastic effects with regards to LNT and LT dose response curves.
  9. Describe the indirect and direct target cell theories for low and High LET.
  10. Using the Indirect Target Cell Theory describe chemically, the production of free radical formation.
  11. Using a skull phantom, identify the cranial topography and anatomic landmarks used in positioning.
  12. Using a skull phantom, identify the facial topography and anatomic landmarks used in positioning.
  13. Manipulate x-ray equipment, set technical factors, and use accessory items in an efficient manner in order to achieve diagnostically acceptable images.
  14. Describe the instructions for a patient undergoing any skull imaging procedure.
  15. Successfully understand the medical terminology associated with physical assessment and dealing with acute situations as provided in the syllabus.
  16. List the six factors involved in the cycle of infection.
  17. List the classifications of microorganisms, compare their physical structures and give examples of each.
  18. Define virulence factors and explain how these factors affect the differences between pathogenic organisms and normal flora.
  19. Name the agent and state the dilution used for disinfecting radiographic equipment, as recommended by the CDC.
  20. Successfully prepare a PowerPoint on a communicable disease and showcase the cycle of infection using the elements of the infectious process.

Outline:
  1. Positioning and Anatomy of the Skull and Facial Bones 
  2. Dealing with Acute Medical Emergencies
  3. Infection Control and Preventing Transmissible Disease 
  4. Review of Vital Signs
  5. Second Part of Radiation Biology
    1. Dose response relationships
    2. Cell survival and recovery
    3. Acute radiation syndrome
    4. Embryonic and fetal effects
    5. Genetic impact (goals of gonadal shielding, GSD)