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Apr 25, 2024
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2022-2023 College Catalog [ARCHIVED CATALOG]
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DLT 202 - Dental Metallurgy 3 Credits, 3 Contact Hours 3 lecture periods 0 lab periods
Examination of metals currently used by the dental technician. Includes introduction to dental alloys (e.g. physical and chemical properties); weights, measures, and calculations; metal sensitivities and allergies. Also includes alloy processing; equipment calibration; metal treatment and torch techniques; electro-polisher and electrolyte solution operation; and safety procedures.
Prerequisite(s): DLT 101 and DLT 101LB . Information: Consent of program director is required before enrolling in this course.
Course Learning Outcomes
- Make appropriate selections and safely manipulate dental alloys to meet specific restorative requirements.
Performance Objectives:
- Identify states of matter, as they relate to dental materials.
- Describe and demonstrate physical and mechanical properties of metal.
- Use specific gravity to calculate alloy requirements for a given wax pattern.
- Demonstrate using a troy system, weigh a casting and calculate the cost of the casting.
- Estimate the temperature of an alloy by color, starting at dull red.
- Describe processes used in the manufacture of dental alloys.
- List metals commonly occurring in dental alloys and how they affect the working characteristics.
- Explain the relationship of crystal structures to mechanical properties.
- Demonstrate methods of manipulating grain size in an alloy.
- Discuss how to relieve work hardening by annealing dental alloys.
- Perform calculations to compare carat, fineness, and percentage, for a given precious alloy.
- List the melt temperatures for pure gold and pure silver.
- Demonstrate the safe use of a casting torch.
- Describe a reducing and oxidizing flame and describe their affect on dental alloy.
- Demonstrate how to light a casting torch, adjust a reducing flame, and indicate the correct part of the flame for alloy melting.
- Compare and contrast the processes of electro-polishing and electro-plating.
- Describe the scrap refining process and how a laboratory would select a company to perform this service.
- List alloys that may contain metals that can cause allergies in some patients.
- List metals that are common causes of metal allergies.
Outline:
- Introduction to Dental Alloys
- American Dental Association (ADA) specifications
- Properties of matter
- Precautions for handling materials, hazardous substances, Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) regulations
- Safe use of laboratory equipment
- Physical and Chemical Properties of Dental Alloys
- Hardness
- Ductility
- Malleability
- Specific gravity
- Elasticity
- Elastic limit
- Elongation
- Grain size
- Melt range
- Fusion temperature
- Deformation of metal
- Annealing
- Weights, Measures, and Calculations
- Carat system
- Fineness system
- Percentages
- Troy system
- Metric system
- Cost calculation
- Wax to gold casting calculation
- Alloy Processing
- Manufacturing
- Dental alloy scrap and refining
- Characteristics of constituent metals and their effect on dental alloys
- Melting alloy vs. pure metal
- Visual estimation of metal temperature
- Work hardening
- Grain structure
- Grain growth
- Annealing
- Equipment Calibration
- Melt temperature of pure gold
- Melt temperature of pure silver
- Temperature calibration procedures
- Metal Treatment and Torch Techniques
- Gas torch, burnout furnace, and centrifugal casting machine operation and safety procedures
- Oxidizing and reducing torch flames
- Flame zones
- Casting
- Soldering and welding
- Electro-Polisher and Electrolyte Solution Operation and Safety Procedures
- Cathodes
- Anodes
- Amperage
- Metal removal and deposition plating vs. polishing
- Metal Sensitivities and Allergies
- Metals commonly acknowledged as sources of allergies
- Dental alloys that can contain allergy causing metals
- Alloy alternatives
- Reactions of dissimilar metals in the oral environment
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