PHI 120 - Introduction to Logic [SUN# PHI 1103]

1. Describe the nature of language including its primary uses, types of informal fallacies, and the function of definitions.
2. Discuss the nature of deductive logic, including the ability to put statements and arguments into standard propositional and syllogistic form, as well and testing for validity by various methods including Venn Diagrams and Truth Tables.
3. Explain the nature of inductive logic, including the basis of analogical reasoning, Mill’s Methods for establishing causal connections, and the role of hypotheses in science.

1. Nature of Language
   1. Introduction to logic
   2. Uses of language
   3. Informal fallacies
   4. Nature of definition
2. Deductive Logic
   1. Categorical propositions
   2. Categorical syllogisms
   3. Arguments in ordinary language
   4. Testing by Venn diagrams
   5. Basic symbolic logic/truth tables applications
   6. Relations between statements, including
      1. Contradiction
      2. Entailment
      3. Contraries
      4. Logical necessity and relevance
      5. Nature of paradoxes
3. Inductive Logic
   1. Analogy and probable inference
   2. Causal connections: Mill’s Methods
   3. Science and hypotheses
   4. Logic and the law