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Translation and Interpretation Studies
	TRS 101 - Introduction to Translation and Interpretation 3 Credits, 3 Contact Hours 3 lecture periods 0 lab periods Principles and procedures for acquisition of skills in interpretation and translation of written materials. Includes an introduction to translation and interpretation; translation and interpretation preparation, procedures, and specialties; and work of the translator and interpreter. Course Learning Outcomes Differentiate between interpretation and translation and the basic skills needed for translation and interpretation. Discuss the preparation and organizational methods in translation and interpretation. Describe the procedures, resources, and techniques related to translation and interpretation. Describe the specialties of translation and interpretation including the common pitfalls within each specialty. Describe the work of translators and interpreters including the skills involved in being well trained. Outline: Introduction to Translation and Interpretation Interpreters vs. translators - what’s the difference? Theory vs. practice Basic skills (language proficiency, literacy, etc.) Setting and register What translation and interpretation is not Translation and Interpretation Preparation Goal - fidelity and accuracy Conserving meaning, style, and register Reading for comprehension (translation) Listening for intention (interpretation) Summarize for meaning Organization of exposition for English to Spanish and Spanish to English Types of oral presentations and audiences Self-monitor Translation and Interpretation Procedures Process vs. procedures Equipment and modalities- written, tape, video Dictionaries and other tools Emerging technologies, i.e., computer translations, Internet, etc. Networking with other professionals (associations) Charging for services: lessons of the National Association of Judicial Interpreters and Translators (NAJIT) The client and how to negotiate pay Translation and Interpretation Specialties Legal translation and interpretation Legal settings, documents, and uses The register of a legal document Admissibility and conservation of “legal equivalence” Identification of specialized Lexicons Legal translation related to NAFTA/business/commercial translation Comparative legal systems Modes of interpretation for legal Most common pitfalls Business and commercial translation and interpretation Business settings, documents, and uses Short and long-term issues Conservation of business intent Legal admissibility and implications: domestic and international diplomacy issues Modes of interpretation for business and commercial Most common pitfalls Literary translation Literary forms—poems, short story, novel, critical essay, etc. Intent of the author Preservation of author’s tone, style and imagery Literary translation contributions to all types of translations; ways to stay limber Most common pitfalls Health Care translation and interpretation Health care settings, documents, and uses. Purposes and access to health care information Cultural and technical aspects of health care translation Modes of interpretation for health care Most common pitfalls Work of the Translator and Interpreter Career commitments Attitudes and skills of the successful translator and interpreter Ethics in translation and interpretation Effective Term: Fall 2015
	TRS 120IN - Technology for Translation and Interpretation 2 Credits, 3 Contact Hours 1 lecture period 2 lab periods Survey of the technological equipment that facilitates the work of the translator. Includes computers for transcription/translation, information distribution techniques, file transfer technologies, using the World Wide Web in translation and interpretation, and applied projects. Course Learning Outcomes Demonstrate the use of computers to complete transcription and translations. Demonstrate knowledge of information distribution technologies such as faxes, modems, printers, and transcribers. Demonstrate the use of the World Wide Web for translation and interpretation research. Demonstrate the use of technology through completion of applied projects including Internet and desktop publishing procedures. Outline: Computers for Transcription and Translation Theory and mechanics of computers Software applications including word processors and database programs Development and formatting of glossaries Information Distribution Techniques Sending e-mail and attachments Transcription on computers for audio and videotapes including the use of dictating equipment Creating desktop publishing deliverables Using the World Wide Web in Translation and Interpretation Web research concepts Search engines Databases Placing information on the internet Applied Projects Creating diskettes on computer word processors Creating a desktop publication for delivery - student’s choice Using the printer, fax, modem and scanner to prepare documents Using a database to complete a glossary Creating a homepage on the Internet Demonstrating proficiency in e-mail and attachments Solving translation problems through technology Effective Term: Fall 2015
	TRS 160 - Translation in Specialty Areas 4 Credits, 4 Contact Hours 4 lecture periods 0 lab periods Principles and procedures for translating specialty area materials. Includes health care, legal, commercial/business, and literary translation exercises. Course Learning Outcomes Demonstrate translation of health care materials. Demonstrate translation of legal materials. Demonstrate translation of business and commercial materials. Demonstrate translation of literary materials Outline: Health Care Translations Define goals and objectives of various translated products Select specific health care documents for translation Clarify intended audiences Translate select texts including: Background and intake document Marketing and informational document Common forms Specialized texts such as case histories or research Technical document Discuss and clarify common and different challenges of each text and how they were solved Legal Translations Define the setting Select specific legal documents for translation Clarify the intended audience(s) Translate selected texts including: Background and intake document Informational document Common legal documents Specialized texts such as Driving Under Influence (DUI) or Mirandas Technical documents, contracts, and legal forms Discuss and clarify common and different challenges of each text and how they were solved Commercial and Business Translations Define the setting Select specific business documents for translation Clarify the intended audience(s) Translate select texts including: Correspondence Minutes and documents for meetings Informational and marketing documents Specialized texts such as product specifications Technical document such as a contract or insurance policy Discuss and clarify common and different challenges of each text and how they were solved Literary Translation Define the setting (authors and publishers) Present overview of field of literature Select one specific text and clarify its function and objective from each major area: Prose versus poetry Elements of Literary writing Pervasive forms Archetypal elements of language and culture Translate selected texts including: Prose Poetry Drama Creative non-fiction Rhetorical devices, pervasive forms, and archetypes Discuss and clarify common and different challenges of each text and how they were solved Effective Term: Summer 2015
	TRS 161 - Medical Spanish and English Interpreting 3 Credits, 3 Contact Hours 3 lecture periods 0 lab periods Bilingual interpreting in a medical context and setting. Includes professional responsibility and interpreter ethics, managing the interpreting encounter, healthcare terminology, the United States healthcare system, and communication through bilingual interpretations. Information: This course assumes bilingual fluency in both English and Spanish. This course is designed and aligned with the purpose of preparing students to take the CCHI Certification exams and earn their CCHI certification. Course Learning Outcomes Demonstrate the ability to maintain professional responsibility and interpreter ethics. Demonstrate how to properly manage the interpreting encounter. Demonstrate appropriate use of healthcare terminology. Describe the United States healthcare system. Demonstrate cultural responsiveness and sensitivity in an interpreter encounter. Communicate through bilingual interpretation both medical information and health care questions and answers. Outline: Professional Responsibility and Interpreter Ethics Maintain the boundaries of the interpreter’s professional role by refraining from personal involvement in order to respect the needs and contributions of all parties. Apply healthcare interpreter codes of ethics and standards of practice Identify the roles of all parties in a healthcare encounter Identify the role of the interpreter and consequences if boundaries are violated Apply critical thinking skills to evaluate the boundaries of the interpreter Adhere to the interpreter role while maintaining transparency Redirect patients’ questions and requests to appropriate healthcare team members Managing the Interpreting Encounter Manage the flow of communication from the start of the encounter to the end by adhering to professional standards of practice to support effective communication Healthcare interpreter codes of ethics and standards of practice Various modes of interpreting Obligations of all parties Healthcare specialties, policies, protocols, and procedures Proper positioning to support effective communication Modalities of interpreting (in-person, telephonic, video remote) Promoting direct communication between provider and patient Setting ground-rules (e.g. pre-session, pre-conference, introduction) Intervening at the least intrusive level of disruption appropriately and incrementally Monitoring for comprehension Adapting to the physical environment (e.g. positioning, lighting, volume) and modality of interpreting (in-person, telephonic, video remote) Choosing mode and switching as needed Asking for pauses Managing register and style Maintaining transparency Gathering and providing feedback after encounters Working effectively as a member of the team Manage unfamiliar terms and concepts in a manner that maintains transparency and supports effective communication for all parties Research tools and resources Techniques for intervening and clarifying Interpreting accurately and completely Matching register and style Correcting errors Maintaining transparency Asking for clarification Establishing equivalence Healthcare Terminology: Systems, Functions, and Diseases of the Body in English and Spanish Cardiovascular Respiratory Digestive Musculoskeletal Genitourinary reproductive Endocrine Immune Integumentary Nervous United States Healthcare System Familiarity with the U.S. health system Legal environment Socioeconomic environment Navigating the system effectively Cultural Responsiveness Individuals have different levels of acculturation and intra-cultural variation in order to avoid making assumptions that may misrepresent a speaker’s meaning Serve as a culture mediator by recognizing when there is risk of potential miscommunication and responding appropriately so each person’s own beliefs are expressed Communicate Through Bilingual Interpretation Both Medical Information and Health Care Questions and Answers Consecutive interpretation Simultaneous interpretation Sight translation Effective Term: Full Academic Year 2019/2020
	TRS 162 - Introduction to Legal Spanish/English Interpretation 3 Credits, 3 Contact Hours 3 lecture periods 0 lab periods Interpreting in a legal context. Includes interpreting in a legal setting, knowledge of legal procedure and ancillary issues related to legal terminology in Spanish and English, bicultural legal communication, and regional differences. Information: Requires Spanish/English language fluency. Course Learning Outcomes Discuss the significant issues specific to interpreting in legal settings. Identify various legal procedures in Spanish and English including names and legal terminology. Communicate through bilingual interpretation both legal information and questions regarding social justice. Identify bicultural legal issues and regional dialects related verbal and non-verbal communication. Introduction and successful fulfillment of State of Arizona credentialing program. Discuss the different resources for legal interpreting how these resources can help to begin a career in the field of legal interpreting. Outline: Interpreting in a Legal Setting Definition of interpreting in a legal setting Standards and ethics related to legal interpreting Ethical dilemmas Interpreting protocol Identify Various Legal Procedures in Spanish and English Legal procedures in Spanish Courtroom procedure Types of hearings Traffic court procedure Juvenile courts Depositions Spanish and English Legal Terminology Forensic pathology Weaponry Drug terminology Slang expressions Immigration Legal Communication Managing cultural differences in legal communication Nonverbal communication in the legal setting Courtesy in the legal setting Familiar “tú” Formal “usted(es)” Language of the courtroom Translation issues Regionalisms State of Arizona Credentialing Exam Ethics and protocol Caseflow Court procedures Interpretation exams and over the phone interview (OPI) Resources for Legal Interpreting Interpreter resources Regional dictionaries Legal dictionaries Interpreter websites Legal interpreter organizations Legal reference books Effective Term: Fall 2016
	TRS 202 - Interpretation Techniques 3 Credits, 3 Contact Hours 3 lecture periods 0 lab periods Specific theories and practices in interpreting oral communication from English to Spanish and Spanish to English. Includes theories of interpretation, techniques of interpretation, interpretation strategies, interpretation procedures, and modes of interpretation. Course Learning Outcomes Identify theories of interpretation as applied to specific tasks. Choose techniques based on client needs. Apply appropriate strategies to an interpretation assignment. Implement interpretation procedures that best fit each occasion. Discuss the differences among simultaneous, consecutive, and sight interpretations. Outline: Theories of Interpretation Natural equivalence Neutrality Techniques of Interpretation Listening for intention Types of oral presentations Types of audiences Settings and their significance Connotations and denotations Interpretation Strategies Style Register Extra linguistic information Amplification Omission Interpretation Procedures Memory issues Semantic range Note taking Cultural contexts Modes of Interpretation Simultaneous Consecutive Sight Effective Term: Spring 2021
	TRS 270 - Simultaneous Interpretation 4 Credits, 4 Contact Hours 4 lecture periods 0 lab periods Study and practice of simultaneous interpretation. Includes history and use, theory, interpreting skills development, simultaneous interpretation skills, and issues in simultaneous interpretation. Course Learning Outcomes Discuss the history and use of simultaneous interpretation. Apply theoretical constructs to specific interpreted encounters. Discuss the appropriateness of simultaneous, consecutive, and sight interpretations to different settings, contexts, and tasks. Simultaneously interpret a proceeding. Discuss team interpreting, cultural awareness, and non-standard language uses. Outline: History and Use League of nations and Nuremberg Settings Legal/judicial Medical Conference Community Theory Neutrality Equivalence Legal Pragmatic Conservation Linguistic Lexical choice Grammatical structure Colloquialism, idiom, and slang Para-linguistic Register Tone and intent Discourse style Rhythm and rate Interpreting Skills Development Back translation Shadowing Simultaneous Interpretation Skills Syntactic anticipation Decalage Active listening Concentration Units of meaning and “chunking” Issues in Simultaneous Interpretation Team interpreting and stamina Cultural awareness Non-standard language Language contact and “spanglish” Code-switching Regionalisms False congress Use of technology Effective Term: Summer 2015
	TRS 282 - Advanced Project in Translation 4 Credits, 5 Contact Hours 3 lecture periods 2 lab periods Engaging in a specialty area advanced project to produce a translated product. Includes agency/individual sponsor, translation goals, translating written documents, on-site and/or supervised training, and preparation for exit competency evaluation. Course Learning Outcomes Identify an agency/individual sponsor. Delineate translation goals. Identify a project and the resources used for translating the documents. Develop a plan for on-site and/or supervised training. Produce final products for evaluation: exit exam at 80% accuracy without aid and documents ready for publication Outline: Agency and Individual Sponsor Identifying a specialty interest Identifying potential sponsoring agencies/individuals Presenting proposal to potential sponsor Translation Goals Identify the setting Identify the needs of the agency/individual Identify the potential problems Writing a translation project Translating Written Documents Creating a project Deciding on a specific project or projects Understanding specific challenges of the project or projects Identifying resources for translation problems On-site and/or Supervised Training Scheduling designated hours Networking with content specialists Utilizing the agency/individual for training purposes Getting to know the agency and individual business Global and specific translation problem resolution Ethical and conflict of interest concerns Preparation for Exit Competency Evaluation Competency exam Project documents Effective Term: Summer 2015

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Course Descriptions

TRS 101 - Introduction to Translation and Interpretation

TRS 120IN - Technology for Translation and Interpretation

TRS 160 - Translation in Specialty Areas

TRS 161 - Medical Spanish and English Interpreting

TRS 162 - Introduction to Legal Spanish/English Interpretation

TRS 202 - Interpretation Techniques

TRS 270 - Simultaneous Interpretation

TRS 282 - Advanced Project in Translation