Course Descriptions

CHM 080 - Preparation for General Chemistry

1. Describe the fundamental aspects of atomic structure, Chemical bonding, and stoichiometry.
2. Apply unit conversion, dimensional analysis, and graphical analysis to problems in chemistry.

1. Define chemistry and describe the steps of the scientific method.
2. Understand the difference between chemical changes and physical changes.
3. Distinguish between the physical and chemical properties of matter.
4. Distinguish between mixtures and pure substances.
5. Solve a wide variety of problems using dimensional analysis, perform unit analysis problems (involving the metric system, unit conversions, volume, density, and temperature) applying significant digits and scientific notation.
6. Be able to create and interpret graphs.
7. Use correct spelling for the names and symbols of common elements and be able to write formulas of elements that exist as diatomic molecules.
8. Identify all periods and groups sown on the periodic table.
9. Use periodic table to identify metals, nonmetals, and metalloids, and list general physical properties for each category.
10. Give names, symbols, relative charges and masses for the three major subatomic particles.
11. Determine the atomic number, mass number, and number of protons, neutrons and electrons for isotopes of the elements.
12. Be able to correctly write molecular formulas from names of compounds and names from molecular formulas for simple inorganic compounds.
13. Describe the chemical mole and Avogadro’s Number.
14. Define molar mass and determine molar mass for elements and compounds.
15. Balance chemical equations, identify basic types of chemical reactions and predict the outcome for these reactions.
16. Use the concept of the mole in quantitative chemical calculations; be able to interconvert between mass, moles, number of ions and atoms and understand stoichiometric relationships involved in reactions.

1. Fundamental Concepts
   1. Scientific method
   2. Classification of matter
   3. Mathematical tools for problem solving in chemistry
   4. SI and English units of measurement
   5. Graphing: Create and interpret graphs
2. Pure Substances I:  Elements
   1. Atomic structure, subatomic particles
   2. Periodic table: names, symbols, types of elements
3. Pure Substances II: Compounds
   1. Compound formation: molecules, ions
   2. Ionic bond and covalent bond
4. Nomenclature
   1. Names of common inorganic compounds
   2. Formulas of common inorganic compounds
5. Chemical Quantities
   1. The mole concept
   2. Calculation of molar mass of pure substances
   3. Interconversion of mass, mole and number of particles
6. Stoichiometry
   1. The balanced equation
   2. Equation molar and mass relationships  

CHM 121IN - Chemistry and Society

1. Classify samples of matter as an element, compound or mixture; all with an intrinsic atomic nature.
2. Discuss current science problems and potential problems of the future.
3. Describe and apply the process by which “science” investigates the world around us and adds to our body of knowledge.

1. Classify samples of matter as an element, compound or mixture; all with an intrinsic atomic nature.
2. Describe the arrangement of the basic subatomic particles within the atom which lead to differences in mass, stability, and reactivity of the elements.
3. Describe radioactivity in terms of atomic nuclear decay; and the measurement and societal impact of this phenomenon.
4. Distinguish metals and non-metals and their “outer shell” or “valence” electronic environment by using the periodic table of elements.
5. Relate electricity to the transfer of electrons from one substance to another, and apply this phenomenon to common oxidative processes and the operation of batteries.
6. Classify certain substances as acids, bases, and salts; identify these compounds among commonly encountered household materials, and relate each to the pH scale.
7. Use water to describe the liquid state, including the impact on its properties as solutes and contaminants are added.
8. Use air to describe the gas state, including its composition in the atmosphere, and the societal impact of pollutants which alter its composition.
9. Describe environmental aspects of chemistry in the local, state, regional, national, and international realms.
10. Discuss current science problems and potential problems of the future.
11. Describe and apply the process by which “science” investigates the world around us and adds to our body of knowledge.

1. Classification and Structure of Matter
   1. Atomic, ionic, or molecular nature of all material
   2. Atomic structure
   3. Electronic arrangement
2. Radioactivity
   1. Nuclear decay, radiation types
   2. Power source
   3. Societal implications, current usage
3. Compound Formation from Elements
   1. The Periodic Table of Elements
   2. Metals and non-metals; their valence electrons, and periodic perspective
   3. Atomic elements to ionic or molecular compounds; electron transfer and sharing
4. Electron Transfer: Electricity, Oxidation and Reduction
   1. The electrochemical cell
   2. Construction of batteries
   3. Corrosion, rust, and bleaching
5. Acids, Bases and Salts
   1. Definition and reaction with indicator dyes
   2. pH Scale
   3. Common acids and bases; and their relative strengths
   4. “Acid Rain”
6. The Liquid State
   1. Water and its unique properties
   2. Solutions and solubility
   3. Contaminants and purification
7. The Gas State
   1. Comparison to solid, liquid states: particle density
   2. Effects of temperature and pressure on volume
   3. The atmosphere and atmospheric pressure
   4. Modeling the gaseous state
8. Special Topics (Selected by Instructor as Relevant to Course Content)

CHM 130IN - Fundamental Chemistry [SUN# CHM 1130]

1. Solve problems using chemical concepts and chemical principles.
2. Perform experiments with given directions and collect valid scientific data.

1. Demonstrate the safe use of chemical laboratory equipment by physically taking mass, volume, temperature, pressure, and pH measurements correctly using scientific notation, significant figures and the appropriate unit conversions.
2. Critically apply the scientific method to data collection and analysis in a hands-on, chemical laboratory setting.
3. Demonstrate an understanding of the atom including its component parts, electron configurations and the relationship between periodic characteristics and valence electron.
4. Identify the type of bonds that will form between given atoms and then correctly predict the formulas of simple binary and tertiary compounds.  Once bonding occurs, demonstrate the ability to draw Lewis Structures, predict shape and polarity.
5. Demonstrate the ability to work with chemical equations including balancing and completing stoichiometry calculations relating mass, moles, and energy.  Apply this knowledge to chemical reactions in a hands-on, laboratory.
6. Demonstrate an understanding of the chemistry associated with describing and modeling the behavior of gases including application of the Ideal Gas Law and Kinetic-Molecular Theory.
7. Demonstrate an understanding of the characteristics associated with liquids including those related to intermolecular forces and evaporation. 
8. Demonstrate an understanding of the concepts associated with solutions and mixtures including solubility and the determination of concentration.
9. Describe the conditions necessary for a reaction to occur and the factors that affect the rates of chemical reactions.
10. Describe the concept of dynamic chemical equilibrium and predict changes in equilibrium by applying LeChatelier’s Principle or the Equilibrium Constant.
11. Demonstrate an understanding of the concepts associated with acids and bases including the basis of their reactivity, their definitions, tracking their concentration via pH and the function of buffers.
12. Demonstrate an understanding of the basics of the chemistry associated with the nucleus including nuclear stability; the emission of radiation and one or more applications of nuclear chemistry.   

1. Introduction
   1. Math review
      1. Measurements and the metric system
      2. Dimensional analysis
   2. The scientific method
   3. The classification of matter
   4. The states of matter

1. Investigating the Atom
   1. Dalton’s Atomic Theory
   2. The dimensions and components of the atom
   3. The electronic nature of the atom
   4. The Periodic Table and its electronic basis
2. Chemical Bonding
   1. The concept of ionic bonds
   2. The concept of covalent bonds
   3. Drawing Lewis Structures
   4. Predicting the shape and polarity of simple molecules
3. Chemical Reactions
   1. Balancing Chemical Equations
   2. The concepts of formula weight and the mole
   3. Stoichiometry Calculations—mass and energy
   4. Reactions in aqueous solution
4. Further Investigating the States of Matter
   1. Gases
      1. Kinetic-Molecular Theory
      2. The Ideal Gas Law
   2. Intermolecular Forces
   3. Liquids
5. Solution Chemistry
   1. Solution characteristics
   2. Determining Solubility
   3. The concept of concentration
6. Chemical Kinetics
   1. Collision theory
   2. Factors affecting rates of reaction
7. Chemical Equilibrium
   1. “Dynamic Equilibrium”
   2. LeChatelier’s Principle
8. Acids and Bases
   1. Acid-Base definitions
   2. The concept of pH
      1. The auto-ionization of water
      2. The pH scale
   3. Buffers
9. Nuclear Chemistry
   1. Basic concepts
   2. Nuclear stability and/or radiation
   3. The application of nuclear chemistry

CHM 140IN - Fundamental Organic and Biochemistry [SUN# CHM 2230]

1. Identify common functional groups in various structural representations of organic molecules including physical and computer-simulated three-dimensional models.
2. Predict products that result from characteristic chemical reactions of selected classes of organic compounds.
3. Describe the composition and function of carbohydrates, lipids and proteins in terms of the structure and chemical behavior of their constituent organic functional groups.

1. Identify common functional groups in various structural representations of organic molecules including physical and computer-simulated three-dimensional models.
2. Name fundamental organic compounds using IUPAC nomenclature and common names and write structural formulas.
3. Describe the physical properties of simple organic compounds based on differences in molecular structure.
4. Predict products that result from characteristic chemical reactions of selected classes of organic compounds.
5. Perform and interpret qualitative laboratory tests by which to identify the presence of common organic functional groups.
6. Describe the composition and function of carbohydrates, lipids and proteins in terms of the structure and chemical behavior of their constituent organic functional groups.
7. Explain the roles of representative carbohydrates, fats and amino acids via the principal human metabolic pathways.
8. Identify the role or action in human health of selected chemical process initiators, facilitators, and regulators, including enzymes and their co-factors, neurotransmitters, hormones, drugs and poisons, and, indirectly, genes.  

1. Organic Chemistry
   1. Molecular structure and its representation
   2. Functional group family surveys emphasizing structure, nomenclature, physical and chemical properties
      1. Saturated, unsaturated and aromatic hydrocarbons, and alkyl halides
      2. Alcohols, phenols, ethers & their sulfur analogs
      3. Simple carbonyl compounds (aldehydes and ketones)
      4. Compound carbonyl compounds (carboxylic acids and esters) and their phosphoric acid analogs
      5. Amines and amides
2. Biochemistry
   1. Survey of the structure, function, regulation and role in human health of major classes of biochemical compounds
      1. Carbohydrates
      2. Lipids
      3. Proteins as amino acid polymers
      4. Proteins as molecular catalysts:  enzymes
   2. Basics of carbohydrate, lipid and protein metabolism in humans
      1. Selected catabolic pathways including the conversion of food to energy
      2. Selected anabolic pathways
3. Anomalies in human health due to diseases, drugs and poisons
4. Optional topics: the nature, action or function in humans of
   1. Nucleotides, nucleic acids, gene expression, protein synthesis, and genetic diseases
   2. Chemical communicators: neurotransmitters and hormones
   3. Digestion and nutrition
   4. Immune system
   5. Body fluids
   6. Other subjects at the instructor’s discretion

CHM 151IN - General Chemistry I [SUN# CHM 1151]

1. Identify the essential parts of a problem and apply known chemical concepts in solving the problem.
2. Perform experiments with the given directions, collect valid scientific data, analyze the data and interpret laboratory result.

1. Apply the concepts associated with measurement, units, significant figures, dimensional analysis, etc. to chemistry related calculations and measurements.
2. Describe the scientific method in principle and apply in actual laboratory setting.
3. Classify matter and its changes.
4. Demonstrate familiarity with the historical development of the atom, its component parts, atomic mass and isotopes.
5. Associate the wave-particle duality of the electromagnetic spectrum with the wave-particle view of the electron.
6. Describe the pertinent aspects of the quantum-mechanical view of the atom.
7. Identify the electron configuration of atoms and ions.
8. Demonstrate the ability to use the Periodic Table to extract a range of information including number of valence electrons, orbital information, metal/nonmetal characteristics, periodic trends and the reason for similarity in chemical characteristics.
9. Describe the concepts associated with ionic and covalent bonding. Predict the nature and formula of bonded atoms.
10. Draw Lewis Structures and determine the molecular shape for given compounds.
11. Determine the polarity of a given molecule.
12. Apply Valence Bond Theory to determine the hybridization of bonded atoms.
13. Balance and extract information from chemical equations.
14. Identify simple reaction types.
15. Predict solubility and write supporting equations.
16. Perform concentration calculations.
17. Perform stoichiometry calculations for a range of systems including limiting reagent and aqueous solutions.
18. Describe the thermodynamic variable of enthalpy.
19. Calculate reaction enthalpies from Heats of Formation data.
20. Calculate the energy associated with temperature changes including the concept of calorimetry.
21. Describe and apply Kinetic-Molecular Theory
22. Describe the various intermolecular forces and identify their existence/function in a variety of systems.
23. Apply the Ideal Gas Law to systems of gases including the concept of gas mixtures.
24. Distinguish between ideal and non-ideal systems.
25. Describe the various properties associated with liquids, e.g. vapor pressure, surface tension, viscosity, etc.
26. Describe the concept of a solution.
27. Perform concentration calculations.
28. Calculate/describe the solution activity associated with colligative properties. (Optional)
29. Apply the above chemistry concepts and procedures in a “wet” laboratory setting with real laboratory equipment to:
    1. develop hands-on experience with a wide range of laboratory apparatus;
    2. gain exposure to hands-on use of chemical instrumentation.
    3. gain individual expertise in a range of laboratory techniques, e.g. pipetting, massing, use of a burette, titration, etc.
    4. begin development of the ability to take hypotheses and design and conduct real experimentation to verify/challenge those hypotheses.

1. Introductory Concepts
   1. The Chemist’s tool bag
      1. Measurements and Significant Figures
      2. Dimensional Analysis
   2. The Scientific Method
   3. Classifying Matter and its Properties
2. Atomic Structure
   1. Introducing the Atom and its component parts
   2. Developing the wave mechanical view of the atom
   3. Applying the electronic nature of the atom to:
   4. Electron configurations
   5. The Periodic Table
   6. Periodic Trends
3. Chemical Bonding
   1. Ionic and Covalent Bonding
   2. Lewis Structures and Molecular Shapes
   3. Bond Polarity and Hybridization
4. Chemical Reactions and Stoichiometry
   1. Working with Chemical Equations
   2. Stoichiometry calculations
   3. Reactions in Aqueous Solution
5. Introduction to Thermodynamics
   1. Chemical reaction enthalpies
   2. Thermal energy and changes in temperature
6. Studying the States of Matter
   1. Kinetic-Molecular Theory
   2. Intermolecular Forces
   3. Gas specific
      1. Modeling Gases
      2. Mixtures of gases and partial pressures
   4. Liquid specific
   5. Solutions
      1. Characteristics
      2. Concentration
      3. Colligative Properties (Optional)
7. Illustration/Reinforcement/Extension of Above Content in Actual Laboratory Setting
   1. Development of expertise in the skills and techniques of the chemistry laboratory      
      1. Pipetting
      2. Massing
      3. Titration
      4. Other
   2. Gain experience with laboratory apparatus including one or more technologically sophisticated pieces of instrumentation
   3. Explore the process of testing/verifying hypothesis through experimental design and hands-on experimentation. 

CHM 152IN - General Chemistry II [SUN# CHM 1152]

1. Define the rate of a reaction and the rate law, determine the components of the rate law, and describe the effects of concentration, temperature and catalysts on the rate of a reaction.
2. Write and calculate equilibrium constants for a chemical reaction, calculate equilibrium concentrations from initial concentrations, apply Le Chatelier’s principle to a chemical reaction and predict how changes in concentration, temperature, pressure, and volume influence the equilibrium system.
3. Distinguish between Arrhenius and Bronsted acids and bases, identify conjugate acid/base pairs, predict the direction of a neutralization reaction, determine dissociation constants (Ka,Kb), pH and pOH in aqueous solutions, and relate molecular structure to acid strength.

1. Define the rate of a reaction and the rate law, determine the components of the rate law, and describe the effects of concentration, temperature and catalysts on the rate of a reaction.
2. Write and calculate equilibrium constants for a chemical reaction, calculate equilibrium concentrations from initial concentrations, apply Le Chatelier’s principle to a chemical reaction and predict how changes in concentration, temperature, pressure, and volume influence the equilibrium system.
3. Distinguish between Arrhenius and Bronsted acids and bases, identify conjugate acid/base pairs, predict the direction of a neutralization reaction, determine dissociation constants (Ka,Kb), pH and pOH in aqueous solutions, and relate molecular structure to acid and base strength.
4. Define equilibria of acid/base buffer systems, describe buffer capacity, buffer range, common ion effect, and discuss acid/base titration curves.
5. Define the first and second laws of thermodynamics, predict the change in entropy for a chemical reaction, define Gibbs free energy ∆G, relate the sign of the free energy, enthalpy and entropy to the spontaneity of a chemical system, relating Gibbs free energy ∆G and the equilibrium constant K.
6. Balance redox equations, use redox potentials to determine the relative strength of oxidizing and reducing agents, describe the construction and functioning of voltaic and electrolytic cells, determine the cell potential, and discuss applications of electrochemical principles in batteries, corrosion, and electrolysis.
7. Apply the above chemistry concepts and procedures in a “wet” laboratory setting with real laboratory equipment to:
   1. continue the development of hands-on experience with a wide range of laboratory apparatus;
   2. continue to gain exposure to the hands-on use of chemical instrumentation;
   3. further individual expertise in a range of laboratory techniques;
   4. continue development of the ability to take hypotheses and design / conduct real experimentation to verify/challenge those hypotheses.

1. Chemical Kinetics
   1. Reaction rate, the rate law and its components
   2. Concentration-time relationships, integrated rate laws
   3. Effects of temperature and catalysts on reaction rates
   4. Reaction mechanisms
2. Chemical Equilibria
   1. Equilibrium constant, solubility product, and reaction quotient
   2. Le Chatelier’s principle
   3. Precipitation reactions and the common ion effect
3. The Chemistry of Acids and Bases
   1. Arrhenius and Bronsted concept of acids and bases
   2. Water and the pH scale
   3. Strong and weak acids and bases, acid/base dissociation constants
   4. Molecular structure and acidity
   5. Acid-base reactions
   6. Buffer solutions
   7. Acid/base titration curves
4. Thermodynamics
   1. Thermodynamic versus kinetic control of a chemical reaction
   2. First and second laws of thermodynamics
   3. Gibbs free energy
5. Electrochemistry
   1. Redox reactions
   2. Electrochemical cells
   3. Electrolysis
   4. Corrosion
   5. Applications of electrochemical principles in industry
6. Optional topics:
7. Thermochemistry
   1. Enthalpy changes for chemical reactions
   2. Calorimetry
   3. Hess’s Law and standard enthalpies of formation
8. Solutions
   1. Solution concentrations
   2. Principles of solubility
   3. Colligative Properties
9. Nuclear Chemistry
   1. Binding energy
   2. Fission, fusion
   3. Radioactivity
10. Organic Chemistry
    1. Introduction to nomenclature
    2. Functional groups
    3. Simple reaction types
    4. Polymers

CHM 195 - Introduction to Research in Chemistry

1. Discuss proper laboratory procedures.
2. Demonstrate the ability to work in a University of Arizona chemistry laboratory.
3. Design experiments using critical thinking.
4. Discuss scientific ethics issues.
5. Discuss the planning and organization of a scientific paper.
6. Discuss and critique ongoing research in chemistry laboratories.

1. The Research Laboratory
   1. Laboratory Safety
   2. Metric  System and Scientific Method
   3. Experimental Design and Scientific Ethics
   4. Critical Thinking in Chemistry
   5. Current Topics in Scientific Ethics
   6. How to Write and Publish a Scientific Paper
   7. Use of Computerized Data Banks for Literature Searches
   8. Selected Current Topics in Research in Chemistry
2. Guest Lectures Series
   1. Introduction to Selected Topics
   2. Guest Lectures
   3. University Visitation
   4. Discussion Forums

CHM 196LB - Independent Studies in Chemistry

1. Identify a topic of interest
2. Develop or identify an experiment related to topic
3. Gather, analyze, and interpret data in the topic area
4. Present findings in a scholarly format determined by student and instructor

1. Topic of Interest
2. Develop or Identify an Experiment Related to Topic
3. Data Gathering
   1. Analyze data
   2. Interpret data
4. Present Findings in Scholarly Format Determined by Student and Instructor

CHM 235IN - General Organic Chemistry I [SUN# CHM 2235]

1. Construct synthetic schemes by which a variety of organic compounds may be prepared from simple, readily available starting materials.
2. Deduce the structural formula of a given or unknown organic compound from spectroscopic (IR, MS and NMR) or chemical reactivity data.
3. Demonstrate an understanding of 2-dimensional and 3-dimensional structure through use of organic drawing software and molecular modeling.

1. Given the structural formula or name of a large assortment of organic compounds, predict:
   1. the detailed 2-dimensional and 3-dimensional structure of a molecule;
   2. the reaction products arising from treatment with a variety of reagents;
   3. the way in which bonds are made and broken to bring about product formation in these reactions;
   4. the effect of structural alterations on reactivity (rate or position of equilibrium) in these reactions;
   5. fundamental physical properties of an organic compound.
2. Construct synthetic schemes by which a variety of organic compounds may be prepared from simple, readily available starting materials.
3. Deduce the structural formula of a given or unknown organic compound from spectroscopic (IR, MS and NMR) or chemical reactivity data.
4. Demonstrate knowledge of sources and/or uses for organic compounds in the practical world.
5. Apply the principles of organic chemistry to larger biomolecules and polymers.
6. Demonstrate an understanding of 2-dimensional and 3-dimensional structure through use of organic drawing software and molecular modeling.
7. Apply the above chemistry concepts and procedures in a “wet” laboratory setting with real laboratory equipment to:
   1. continue the development of  hands-on experience with a wide range of laboratory apparatus;
   2. continue to gain exposure to the hands-on use of chemical instrumentation;
   3. further individual expertise in a range of organic laboratory techniques.
8. Apply microscale organic synthesis, laboratory safety skills and computer software skills as related to chemistry.  

1. Study of Alkanes
   1. Physical attributes
      1. Structure
      2. Nomenclature
      3. Physical Properties
   2. Chemistry of organic molecules
      1. Preparations
      2. Reactions
      3. Reaction mechanisms
      4. Stereochemistry
      5. Synthetic procedures
      6. Industrial applications
      7. Connections to biochemistry/polymers/real world applications
2. Study of Cycloalkanes
   1. Physical attributes
      1. Structure
      2. Nomenclature
      3. Physical properties
   2. Chemistry of organic molecules
      1. Preparations
      2. Reactions
      3. Reaction mechanisms
      4. Stereochemistry
      5. Synthetic procedures
      6. Industrial applications
      7. Connections to biochemistry/polymers/real world applications
3. Study of Alkenes
   1. Physical attributes
      1. Structure
      2. Nomenclature
      3. Physical properties
   2. Chemistry of organic molecules
      1. Preparations
      2. Reactions
      3. Reaction mechanisms
      4. Stereochemistry
      5. Synthetic procedures
      6. Industrial applications
      7. Connections to biochemistry/polymers/real world applications
4. Study of Alkynes
   1. Physical attributes
      1. Structure
      2. Nomenclature
      3. Physical properties
   2. Chemistry of organic molecules
      1. Preparations
      2. Reactions
      3. Reaction mechanisms
      4. Stereochemistry
      5. Synthetic procedures
      6. Industrial applications
      7. Connections to biochemistry/polymers/real world applications
5. Study of Alkyl Halides
   1. Physical attributes
      1. Structure
      2. Nomenclature
      3. Physical properties
   2. Chemistry of organic molecules
      1. Preparations
      2. Reactions
      3. Reaction mechanisms
      4. Stereochemistry
      5. Synthetic procedures
      6. Industrial applications
      7. Connections to biochemistry/polymers/real world applications
6. Spectroscopy
   1. IR (infrared spectroscopy)
      1. Theory and instrumentation
      2. Analysis of spectra for organic molecules
   2. MS (mass spectroscopy)
      1. Theory and instrumentation
      2. Analysis of spectra for organic molecules
   3. NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance)
      1. Theory and instrumentation
      2. Analysis of spectra for organic molecules                        
7. Fundamental Techniques in Synthesizing a Compound to Create a Synthetic Product
   1. Methods of heating reaction mixtures
   2. Reflux
   3. Distillation
   4. Extraction and isolation
   5. Vacuum filtration
   6. Recrystalization
8. Characterization of Organic Molecules
   1. Melting point and/or boiling point determination
   2. Spectroscopy (IR, NMR and MS) based on availability of equipment
   3. Refractometry
   4. Polarimetry
   5. Chromatography (TLC and/or GC) based on availability of equipment
9. Integrated Generally Applied Laboratory Procedures
   1. Microscale organic synthesis
   2. Laboratory safety skills
   3. Related computer software application
      1. Development of technical writing skills through keeping a laboratory experiment notebook and writing lab reports
      2. Other computer skills related to chemistry including Molecular Modeling and organic drawing software

CHM 236IN - General Organic Chemistry II [SUN# CHM 2236]

4 Credits, 6 Contact Hours
3 lecture periods 3 lab periods

Continuation of CHM 235IN . Includes remaining classes of organic compounds, specifically dienes, alcohols, ethers and epoxides, aldehydes, ketones, acids, acid derivatives, aromatics, and nitrogen containing compounds and an introduction to biomolecules and/or polymers. Also includes an emphasis on synthesis and use of chemical and instrumental methods as means of identification while using a wide range of laboratory apparatus and procedures. Also focuses on laboratory safety skills and computer software applications related to chemistry.

Prerequisite(s): CHM 235IN  with a grade of C or better. 
Gen-Ed: Meets AGEC - SCI; Meets CTE - M&S.

1. Construct synthetic schemes by which a variety of organic compounds may be prepared from simple, readily available starting materials.
2. Deduce the structural formula of a given or unknown organic compound from spectroscopic (IR, MS and NMR) or chemical reactivity data.
3. Demonstrate an understanding of 2-dimensional and 3-dimensional structure through use of organic drawing software and molecular modeling.

1. Given the structural formula or name of a large assortment of organic compounds, predict:
   1. the detailed 2-dimensional and 3-dimensional structure of a molecule;
   2. the reaction products arising from treatment with a variety of reagents;
   3. the way in which bonds are made and broken to bring about product formation in these reactions;
   4. the effect of structural alterations on reactivity (rate or position of equilibrium) in these reactions;
   5. fundamental physical properties of an organic compound.
2. Construct synthetic schemes by which a variety of organic compounds may be prepared from simple, readily available starting materials.
3. Deduce the structural formula of a given or unknown organic compound from spectroscopic (IR, MS and NMR) or chemical reactivity data.
4. Demonstrate knowledge of sources and/or uses for organic compounds in the practical world.
5. Apply the principles of organic chemistry to larger biomolecules and polymers.
6. Demonstrate an understanding of 2-dimensional and 3-dimensional structure through use of organic drawing software and molecular modeling.
7. Apply the above chemistry concepts and procedures in a “wet” laboratory setting with real laboratory equipment to:
   1. continue the development of  hands-on experience with a wide range of laboratory apparatus;
   2. continue to gain exposure to the hands-on use of chemical instrumentation;
   3. further individual expertise in a range of organic laboratory techniques.
8. Apply microscale organic synthesis, laboratory safety skills and computer software skills as related to chemistry.

1. Conjugated Dienes and Ultraviolet Spectroscopy
   1. Physical attributes
      1. structure
      2. nomenclature
      3. physical properties
   2. Chemistry of organic molecules
      1. preparations
      2. reactions
      3. reaction mechanisms
      4. stereochemistry
      5. synthetic procedures
      6. industrial applications
      7. connections to biochemistry/polymers/real world applications
   3. Ultraviolet spectroscopy
      1. theory
      2. analysis of conjugated dienes
2. Study of Aromatics
   1. Physical attributes
      1. structure
      2. nomenclature
      3. physical properties
   2. Chemistry of organic molecules
      1. preparations
      2. reactions
      3. reaction mechanisms
      4. stereochemistry
      5. synthetic procedures
      6. industrial applications
      7. connections to biochemistry/polymers/real world applications
   3. Analysis of organic molecules – spectroscopy
      1. infrared
      2. nuclear magnetic resonance
      3. mass spectroscopy
3. Study of Alcohols and Phenols
   1. Physical attributes
      1. structure
      2. nomenclature
      3. physical properties
   2. Chemistry of organic molecules
      1. preparations
      2. reactions
      3. reaction mechanisms
      4. stereochemistry
      5. synthetic procedures
      6. industrial applications
      7. connections to biochemistry/polymers/real world applications
   3. Analysis of organic molecules – spectroscopy
      1. infrared
      2. nuclear magnetic resonance
      3. mass spectroscopy
4. Study of Ethers and Epoxides
   1. Physical attributes
      1. structure
      2. nomenclature
      3. physical properties
   2. Chemistry of organic molecules
      1. preparations
      2. reactions
      3. reaction mechanisms
      4. stereochemistry
      5. synthetic procedures
      6. industrial applications
      7. connections to biochemistry/polymers/real world applications
   3. Analysis of organic molecules – spectroscopy
      1. infrared
      2. nuclear magnetic resonance
      3. mass spectroscopy
5. Study of Aldehydes and Ketones
   1. Physical attributes
      1. structure
      2. nomenclature
      3. physical properties
   2. Chemistry of organic molecules
      1. preparations
      2. reactions
      3. reaction mechanisms
      4. stereochemistry
      5. synthetic procedures
      6. industrial applications
      7. connections to biochemistry/polymers/real world applications
   3. Analysis of organic molecules – spectroscopy
      1. infrared
      2. nuclear magnetic resonance
      3. mass spectroscopy
6. Study of Carboxylic Acids and Nitriles
   1. Physical attributes
      1. structure
      2. nomenclature
      3. physical properties
   2. Chemistry of organic molecules
      1. preparations
      2. reactions
      3. reaction mechanisms
      4. stereochemistry
      5. synthetic procedures
      6. industrial applications
      7. connections to biochemistry/polymers/real world applications
   3. Analysis of organic molecules – spectroscopy
      1. infrared
      2. nuclear magnetic resonance
      3. mass spectroscopy
7. Study of Derivatives of Carboxylic Acids (acid halides, anhydrides, amides and esters)
   1. Physical attributes
      1. structure
      2. nomenclature
      3. physical properties
   2. Chemistry of organic molecules
      1. preparations
      2. reactions
      3. reaction mechanisms
      4. stereochemistry
      5. synthetic procedures
      6. industrial applications
      7. connections to biochemistry/polymers/real world applications
   3. Analysis of organic molecules – spectroscopy
      1. infrared
      2. nuclear magnetic resonance
      3. mass spectroscopy
8. Study of Amines
   1. Physical attributes
      1. structure
      2. nomenclature
      3. physical properties
   2. Chemistry of organic molecules
      1. preparations
      2. reactions
      3. reaction mechanisms
      4. stereochemistry
      5. synthetic procedures
      6. industrial applications
      7. connections to biochemistry/polymers/real world applications
   3. Analysis of organic molecules – spectroscopy
      1. infrared
      2. nuclear magnetic resonance
      3. mass spectroscopy
9. Study of Biomolecules (carbohydrates, amino acids, peptides and proteins, lipids, heterocycylic and nucleic acids)*
   1. Physical attributes
      1. structure
      2. nomenclature
      3. physical properties
   2. Chemistry of organic molecules                   
      1. preparations
      2. reactions
      3. reaction mechanisms
      4. stereochemistry
      5. synthetic procedures
      6. industrial applications
      7. connections to biochemistry/polymers/real world applications
   3. Analysis of organic molecules – spectroscopy
      1. infrared
      2. nuclear magnetic resonance
      3. mass spectroscopy
      4. pertinent metabolic pathways
10. Study of Polymers*
    1. Physical attributes
       1. structure
       2. nomenclature
       3. physical properties
    2. Chemistry of organic molecules        
       1. preparations
       2. reactions
       3. reaction mechanisms
       4. stereochemistry
       5. synthetic procedures
       6. industrial applications
       7. connections to biochemistry/polymers/real world applications
    3. Analysis of organic molecules – spectroscopy
       1. infrared
       2. nuclear magnetic resonance
       3. mass spectroscopy
       4. Pertinent metabolic pathways
11. Fundamental Techniques in Synthesizing a Compound to Create a Synthetic Product
    1. Methods of heating reaction mixtures
    2. Reflux
    3. Distillation
    4. Extraction and isolation
    5. Vacuum filtration
    6. Recrystalization
12. Characterization of Organic Molecules
    1. Melting point and/or boiling point determination
    2. Spectroscopy (IR, NMR and MS) based on availability of equipment
    3. Refractometry
    4. Polarimetry
    5. Chromatography (TLC and/or GC) based on availability of equipment
13. Integrated Generally Applied Laboratory Procedures
    1. Microscale organic synthesis
    2. Laboratory safety skills
    3. Related computer software application
       1. Development of technical writing skills through keeping a laboratory experiment notebook and writing lab reports
       2. Other computer skills related to chemistry including Molecular Modeling and organic drawing software

 
*One or more of the topics under Roman Numerals IX and X should be introduced at the discretion of the instructor.

CHM 295LB - Independent Research in Chemistry

1. Demonstrate an ability to independently design, plan, and conduct scientific research and communicate research results through any of the following: (a) in-class demonstrate, (b) completion of a capstone project, (c) writing a scientific research paper, or (d) giving a scientific oral presentation.

1. Conduct independent scientific research.
2. Demonstrate proper laboratory techniques in the research area selected.
3. Demonstrate accuracy and appropriate data collecting skills in research.
4. Write a scientific research paper based on data obtained during the research project.
5. Discuss personal view concerning a career in science.

1. Independent Research to be Determined by the Student and Instructor
2. Scientific Paper Based on Research Results
3. Evaluation of Career Goals