NDT 210 - Time of Flight Diffraction (TOFD)

1. Demonstrate proficient knowledge of time of flight diffraction.
2. Demonstrate proficient knowledge of the application of TOFD in industry.
3. Demonstrate proficient knowledge of how to set up and calibrate NDT equipment.
4. Demonstrate proficient knowledge and a basic understanding of weld inspection using TOFD.

1. Introduction
   1. Terminology of TOFD
   2. History of TOFD
   3. Responsibilities of level of certification
2. Basic Principles of TOFD
   1. Review of ultrasonic wave theory, refracted longitudinal waves
   2. Introduction to TOFD concepts and theory
   3. Technique limitations
3. Equipment
   1. Computer based systems
   2. Beam profile tool
   3. Probes
   4. Wedges
   5. Scanners
4. Testing Techniques
   1. Line scanning single tandem probe setup
   2. Line scanning multiple probe setup
   3. Raster scans
5. Standardization
   1. Material velocity calculations
   2. Combined probe delays calculation
   3. Digitization rates
   4. Signal averaging
   5. Pulse width control
   6. PCS and angle selection
   7. Sensitivity
   8. Preamplifiers
   9. Effects of curvature

6. Data collection
   1. Single probe setups
   2. Multiple probe setups
   3. Nonencoded scans
   4. Encoded scans
   5. Probe offset and indexing
7. Procedure
   1. Specific applications
   2. Material evaluations
   3. Weld inspections
   4. Detection and evaluation of weld flaws
   5. Detection and evaluation of in-service cracking
   6. Detection of volumetric loss
   7. Geometric limitations
   8. Cladding thickness and integrity evaluations
   9. Complex geometries
8. Data Presentations
   1. Standard
   2. Other
   3. Data evaluation
   4. Codes
   5. Flaw characterization
   6. Flaw dimensioning
   7. Geometry
   8. Software tools
   9. Parabolic cursor
9. Reporting
   1. Imaging outputs
   2. Onboard reporting tools
   3. Plotting, ACAD, etc.