MLT 275IN - Hematology

5 Credits, 7 Contact Hours
4 lecture periods 3 lab periods

The study of red cells, white cells, and platelets looking at structure, formation, and the diseases associated with these cells. Includes types of blood cells, tests, normal and abnormal blood cells, maturation, disease states, hemoglobins, hemoglobinopathies, hemostasis, coagulation, fibrinolytic system, instrumentation, and quality controls and assurance.

Prerequisite(s): With a grade of B or better: BIO 205IN , and MAT 151  or assessment in MAT 189 .
Information: Students must be admitted to the Medical Laboratory Technician program or obtain consent of instructor before enrolling in this course. IN is the integrated version of the course with the lecture and lab taught simultaneously.
    

2.  Discuss RBC and the differences in hemoglobins including clinical significance, electrophoresis results, and red cell indices.

3.  Describe fibrinolytic and coagulation mechanisms, associated laboratory tests (including normal and abnormal findings) and relate these to specific disorders and therapies.

4.  Perform white blood cells (WBC) differentials in various stages of maturation, correlating results with known values (normal 5-10%, abn. 10-20%), inclusions and abnormalities of WBC and red blood cells (RBC) with associated clinical conditions and disease states.

5.  Perform red cell indices calculations from patient complete blood count (CBC) results as well as interpret other hematology test results, including hemoglobin electrophoresis and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) results.

6.  Perform and interpret the results (including normal and abnormal findings) of fibrinolytic and coagulation laboratory tests, including prothrombin time (PT/INR), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), and thrombin time (TT).

7.  Perform automated blood count and coagulation analysis, including application of Westgard Rules, instrument maintenance, quality control, and reporting of results.

8.  Improve critical thinking and organizations skills by attending class, completing lab assignments, and participate in classroom laboratory activities

1. Types of Blood Cells
   1. Red - Erythrocytic maturation
   2. White
      1. Normal white cells in peripheral blood
         1. Neutrophils
         2. Lymphocytes
         3. Monocytes
         4. Eosinophils
         5. Basophils
      2. Leukocytic maturation
   3. Platelets - Thrombocytic maturation
2. Associated Hematology Lab Tests
   1. Normal values
   2. Abnormal values
   3. Associated clinical conditions
   4. Associated disease states
3. Normal and Abnormal Red Blood Cells and White Blood Cells
   1. Characteristics used to differentiate between types of blood cells
   2. Inclusions and abnormalities of blood cells and associated clinical conditions and disease states
4. Disease States
   1. Anemias resulting from decreased cell production
   2. Hemolytic anemias
   3. Anemias secondary to blood loss
   4. Inflammation and infection
   5. Non-malignant WBC disorders of the white cells
   6. Malignant disorders
5. Hemoglobins
   1. A
   2. A2
   3. F
   4. S
   5. C
   6. D
   7. Oxyhemoglobin
   8. Carboxyhemoglobin
   9. Methemoglobin
   10. Sulfhemoglobin
6. Hemoglobinopathies
   1. Sickle cell
   2. Hemoglobin C
   3. Hemoglobin SC
   4. Hemoglobin E
   5. Thalassemia
7. Facets of Hemostasis
   1. Coagulation mechanisms and abnormalities
   2. Fibrinolytic system
8. Tests
   1. Hemoglobin and hematocrit
   2. Complete blood count (CBC) - indices calculations
   3. Differential
   4. Reticulocyte count
   5. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)
   6. Hemoglobin electrophoresis
   7. Prothrombin time (PT)/NR
   8. Activated partial thromboplastic time (aPTT)
   9. D-dimer
   10. Thrombin time (TT)
   11. Dilute Russell viper venom (DRVV)
9. Normal White Cells in Peripheral Blood
   1. Neutrophils
   2. Lymphocytes
   3. Monocytes
   4. Eosinophils
   5. Basophils
10. Normal and Abnormal White Blood Cells
    1. Size
    2. Shape
    3. Coloration
    4. Nuclear cytoplasm ratio
    5. Chromatin
    6. Leukocytic maturation
11. Normal and Abnormal Red Blood Cells
    1. Size
    2. Shape
    3. Coloration
    4. Distribution
    5. Inclusion bodies
    6. Erythrocytic maturation
12. Instrumentation
    1. Hematology instruments: CBC analyzer, coagulation analyzer, point of care instruments
    2. Patient sample acquisition on various hematology analyzers
    3. Maintenance of hematology analyzers
    4. Troubleshooting techniques
    5. Theory and methodology of hematology analyzers
13. Westgard Rules
    1. Theory and application toward sample data
    2. Identify trends and shifts
    3. Troubleshooting techniques
14. Quality Controls and Quality Assurance