DHE 208LC - Pain and Anxiety Control for Dental Hygiene Clinical

1. Describe and apply principles and techniques to manage pain control, pain/impulse conduction related to nerve anatomy and physiology along with possible interactions with other medications or health conditions.
2. Describe the pharmacological properties, actions, considerations and contraindications to local anesthetic agents, vasoconstrictors, and nitrous oxide.
3. Determine the appropriate pain control armamentarium, agents and techniques needed to ensure patient safety and comfort during the administration of local anesthesia and nitrous oxide – oxygen analgesia according to legal and ethical standards.
4. Demonstrate competence in administering selected local anesthetic injections and nitrous oxide – oxygen analgesia.

1. Describe the need for pain control and explain pain/impulse conduction related to nerve anatomy and physiology.
2. Describe the pharmacological properties, actions, considerations and contraindications to local anesthetic agents, vasoconstrictors, and nitrous oxide.
3. Assess the client’s medico-dental history as it relates to choice of technique and agents used in the administration of local anesthetics and nitrous oxide – oxygen analgesia.
4. Determine the appropriate pain control armamentarium, agents and techniques needed to ensure patient safety and comfort during the administration of local anesthesia and nitrous oxide – oxygen analgesia.
5. Apply principles, techniques, and determine ways to prevent and manage potential emergency situations and any possible interactions with other medications or health conditions associated with dental anesthetics and nitrous oxide.
6. Demonstrate competence in administering selected local anesthetic injections and nitrous oxide – oxygen analgesia.
7. Practice pain control techniques according to legal and ethical standards.
8. Apply highest standards of infection control and safety to protect the client and operator.
9. Plan, present, and receive client consent for an individualized dental hygiene treatment plan, based upon the assessment data and medical history, for the anesthesia patient, including referral to appropriate health care professionals.
10. Describe the limitations and indications for local inhalation anesthesia.
11. Describe the related aspects of nitrous oxide oxygen to respiratory physiology.
12. List the components, equipment and functions for a nitrous oxide delivery system and a scavenger system.
13. Demonstrate the use and maintenance of nitrous oxide delivery system equipment.
14. Explain the need for oxygen and describe how to administer it.
15. Review clinic protocols for medical emergency procedures.

1. Introduction to Pain and Anxiety Control
2. Pharmacology, Neurophysiology, and Local Anesthetic Agents
   1. Pharmacology of local anesthetics and vasoconstrictors
   2. Neurophysiology/how local anesthetics work
   3. Topical and local anesthetics used in dentistry
   4. Selecting a local anesthetic agent
   5. Calculating amounts of local anesthetics/vasoconstrictors
3. Nitrous Oxide and Oxygen Analgesia
   1. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) update and steps for prevention
   2. Signs and symptoms of nitrous oxide and oxygen analgesia
   3. Management of nitrous oxide and oxygen analgesia complications
4. Health History and Complications
   1. Health history evaluation
   2. Drug interactions
   3. Local and systemic complications
5. Treatment
   1. Treatment planning for local anesthesia
   2. Ethical and legal considerations
6. Laboratory Practice on Student Partners
   1. Posterior superior alveolar
   2. Middle superior alveolar
   3. Anterior superior alveolar
   4. Greater palatine
   5. Nasopalatine
   6. Inferior alveolar
   7. Lingual
   8. Mental
   9.        Long buccal
   10. Infraorbital
   11. Gow-Gates
   12. Second division
   13. Akinosi
   14. Intramuscular
   15. Nitrous oxide and oxygen analgesia
7. Emergency Procedures
8. Head and Neck Anatomy